Manufacturing
in sentence
1925 examples of Manufacturing in a sentence
In both Korea and Japan, to cite two key examples, the problem is not simply that productivity in services has grown barely a quarter as fast as it has in
manufacturing
for a decade.
In countries that have traditionally emphasized manufacturing, the underdeveloped service sector is dominated by small enterprises – mom and pop stores.
Where value added in Chinese
manufacturing
has been growing by 8% a year, service-sector productivity is unlikely to exceed 1% if China is unlucky or unwise enough to follow the example of Korea and Japan.
Meanwhile, sectors or firms that export, like those in manufacturing, would enjoy significant reductions in their tax burden.
As for the general public, low- and middle-income households should oppose the BAT, which would drive up prices of the now-cheap imported goods that these groups currently consume, though Trump’s blue-collar constituents, particularly those who work in manufacturing, may support the measure.
Similarly, the Institute for Supply Management
Manufacturing
Index provides a pretty good preview of the US economy for the next 3-6 months, even though
manufacturing
comprises a relatively small share of GDP.
Led by
manufacturing
and construction, China enjoyed a uniquely powerful impetus.
Likewise, FDI inflows have been expanding only in resource-intensive sectors, while falling in services and practically stagnating in
manufacturing.
The discrepancy partly reflects the dominant share of services in modern advanced economies, relative to
manufacturing
and agriculture.
A trade deal creates adjustment costs concentrated in particular areas, like the US Midwest and South, where
manufacturing
can be costlier and less efficient than overseas.
China, however, is utterly dependent on these sea-lanes, because its economic-growth model relies on southern China’s export-oriented
manufacturing
industries, as well as the ports of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, and Guangzhou.
The results were perhaps obvious: more people live from agriculture in the developing world than from manufacturing, so agricultural liberalization must be high on the agenda.
New
manufacturing
techniques and new products or product improvements are usually embodied in new machines and skills.
Moreover, the size of China’s trade surplus with the US has been systematically overstated, because the capital-intensive components of its labor-intensive
manufacturing
products are primarily imported from South Korea and Taiwan.
As China’s labor costs rise, its trade surplus with the US will be transferred to countries and regions that have lower labor costs and are willing to accommodate labor-intensive
manufacturing.
One country that will not benefit from this shift in labor-intensive
manufacturing
is the US, which lost its comparative advantage for such products a half-century ago.
As the costs of automation fall relative to
manufacturing
wages, and as global industrial production becomes less labor-intensive, Africa will lose some of the advantages that it is currently counting on.
China and other emerging economies may also lose some jobs as firms in advanced economies reverse outsourcing and move
manufacturing
operations closer to home.
It will be incumbent on African governments to implement forward-looking labor-market policies to invest in human capital, and, most important, to create jobs in labor-intensive
manufacturing.
With Asian
manufacturing
exporters penetrating markets worldwide, such a development would be highly damaging to Latin America’s growth prospects.
Moreover, there are signs that wage gains are now broadening out, with the balance tilting away from low wage-inflation industries such as manufacturing, health care, and education into higher wage-inflation industries such as finance, the information sector, and professional and business services.
Every commentator today highlights India’s poor infrastructure, excessive regulation, small
manufacturing
sector, and a workforce that lacks adequate education and skills.
But India does not need to become a
manufacturing
giant overnight to fix its current problems.
The April industrial trends survey, conducted by the Confederation of British Industry (of which I am chief economist), showed the strongest rise in
manufacturing
export orders since 2011.
Consider the Swedish company Solarus AB, whose innovative business model –
manufacturing
solar panels out of carbon fibers discarded by the aerospace industry – has enabled it to offer competitively priced solar technologies, without support from government subsidies.
Indeed, China’s
manufacturing
activity is contracting for the first time in almost three years.
Most
manufacturing
is now dominated by multinational firms that operate production facilities in many countries.
European multinationals also have large stakes in the Chinese economy, and EU
manufacturing
exports to China and other emerging markets are now almost double those of the US.
In the US,
manufacturing
workers’ wages have long been stagnant, and job opportunities in the sector have fallen rapidly.
As these trends coincided with high trade deficits, the two issues became politically intertwined, even though most studies show that automation has been a much more important factor in the decline of
manufacturing
as a share of overall employment.
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