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Structural in sentence

2531 examples of Structural in a sentence

The second way to reduce the financial system’s sensitivity to risk-estimation errors is to limit the flow of risks to institutions with a structural, rather than a statistical, capacity for holding that risk.
In terms of fiscal policy, most advanced economies’ public finances are suffering because policymakers have failed to implement sufficient supply-side structural reforms to control public-pension growth, reform growth-inhibiting taxes, and liberalize labor markets.
In fact, from the mid-nineteenth century well into the twentieth, structural shifts wrought by technological change and demographics in America’s market economy lifted many participants – while dropping others.
Creating institutional incentives for the EU’s unity would help Europe overcome the structural contradiction of the European project.
Many countries, including Italy and Spain, must overcome structural barriers to competitiveness, growth, and job creation through multi-year reforms of labor markets, pensions, housing, and economic governance.
Some, like the US, can combine structural reforms with short-term demand stimulus.
Unlike emerging economies, Western countries are not well equipped to deal with structural and secular changes – and understandably so.
The Pain in SpainLONDON – Spain is the eurozone’s latest poster child for austerity and structural reforms.
Likewise, there is not much evidence that structural reforms have spurred Spain’s recovery.
But China’s sharply rising monetization rate cannot be judged against the high, steady rates of developed countries without bearing in mind that China’s monetization process began much later, and has distinct structural and institutional foundations.
Now Abe has signaled his intention to move forward with tough structural reforms.
Two of these – shale energy and big-data analytics – build on ongoing technological breakthroughs in which the US has a strong lead and depend primarily on private-sector action, not macroeconomic or structural policies.
Structural reforms are important to guarantee future sustainable growth, but they do not generate growth in the short term, which is what Europe needs.
Within the eurozone, structural reforms and more efficient public spending, which are essential to sustainable long-term growth and debt levels, must be combined with policies to support demand and recovery in the short term.
What is needed is a grand bargain, with countries that lack policy credibility undertaking structural reforms without delay, in exchange for more room within the EU for growth-generating measures, even at the cost of higher short-term deficits.
In other words, China’s future – and that of the global economy – depends on how committed its leaders are to overcoming vested interests and pursuing comprehensive structural and policy reform.
But the third and most important arrow – structural reform – has so far had little impact.
Meanwhile, the types of structural changes that Argentina needs have not been made.
On the tradable side, one should look for structural change and a shift in output to higher-value-added components of global supply chains.
Fiscal reform will determine many things: the components of domestic income and demand that will drive structural change on the supply side, the allocation of income and expenditure across levels of government, and the embedded incentives that this allocation implies.
Watching for progress on these key elements of structural change and reform seems to be the right stance.
If markets are confused or pessimistic about China’s longer-term agenda, but if the direction of structural change and reform is positive, there may be investment opportunities that were absent in the more exuberant recent past.
Governments preoccupied with reducing debt are unlikely to undertake the investments needed for long-term structural change.
The pessimists, on the other hand, think that such gaps may be a structural, lasting feature of today’s economies.
The apparent paradox is resolved by noting that rapid productivity growth in the pockets of innovation has been undone by workers moving from the more productive to the less productive parts of the economy – a phenomenon that my co-authors and I have called “growth-reducing structural change.”
Disturbingly, there is evidence that growth-reducing structural change has been happening recently in the United States as well.
Fresh thinking about structural reform is needed, too.
So China has reached a crucial juncture: without painful structural adjustment, its economic-growth momentum can suddenly be lost.
Unfortunately, with a large export sector that employs scores of millions of workers, this dependence has become structural, which implies that to reduce China’s trade dependency and trade surplus is much more than a matter of adjusting macroeconomic policy.
If China fails to tackle its structural problems in a timely fashion, growth is unlikely to be sustainable.
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