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Shocks in sentence

1003 examples of Shocks in a sentence

As a result, the Russian government’s only option for financing its deficit is to tap its reserve fund, which is meant to cushion the economy against shocks.
We have increased our financing to the countries most heavily affected by food and fuel shocks.
And we stand ready to provide additional support – including under a new financing mechanism for countries hit by exogenous shocks – to help those whom the global financial crisis has affected most severely.
It suggests support for agriculture and agribusiness development and linking them with other sectors, as well as measures to boost resilience to price shocks.
But they provide the arenas of consultation, cooperation, and give-and-take among opposing social groups that are crucial in times of turbulence and shocks.
Greater flexibility might not stimulate short-term growth, but it would improve resilience to future negative shocks, whether they originate at home or abroad.
Because of its poverty, its complexity, and its vastness (even national elections have to be held over the course of several weeks, to accommodate hundreds of millions of voters), the uptake of market reforms has been gradual, but also remarkably resilient to shocks.
But that rule succumbed rather quickly to violent money-demand shocks, though Friedman’s general argument – that a credible commitment to low inflation requires favoring rules over discretion – remains very influential.
While the lack of response to asset bubbles was probably IT’s biggest failing, another major setback was inappropriate responses to supply shocks and terms-of-trade shocks.
It had been a candidate to succeed money-supply targeting in the 1980’s, since it did not share the latter’s vulnerability to so-called velocity shocks.
Its fans point out that, unlike IT, it would not cause excessive tightening in response to adverse supply shocks.
Unlike IT, it would not dictate a perverse response to terms-of-trade shocks.
Supporters of both nominal GDP targeting and product-price targeting claim that IT sometimes gave the public the misleading impression that it would stabilize the cost of living, even in the face of supply shocks or terms-of trade-shocks, over which it had no control.
And, while a more balkanized financial system does reduce the likelihood of global shocks creating volatility in far-flung markets, it may also concentrate risks within local banking systems and increase the chance of domestic financial crises.
When some countries in the eurozone are hit by adverse demand shocks, the target determines the extent of painful wage and price deflation these countries must undergo to readjust.
The first book is The Shifts and the Shocks, by the conservative British journalist Martin Wolf, who begins by cataloguing the major shifts that set the stage for the economic disaster that continues to shape the world today.
Indeed, it is what has rendered Europe incapable of absorbing external shocks – like last summer’s refugee influx.
No inflation shocks that might provoke the Fed to slam on the breaks loom.
These trends are remarkable in light of the shocks from the surge in oil prices, the wars in Afghanistan and Iraq, international terrorism, and the breakdown of multilateral trade negotiations.
The build-up of official reserves in East Asia and other developing countries will provide them with extra means to deal with possible external shocks.
The eurozone’s flagging growth reflects old and new structural problems, the legacy of the last crisis (which still weighs on banks’ asset quality), high debt levels in some countries, and external shocks that have affected demand.
The fear now in both countries is that inflation shocks could turn into a self-reinforcing price spiral.
This, together with external shocks and severe recessions, made fixed exchange-rate regimes untenable, first in Mexico, later in Brazil, and then, spectacularly, in Argentina.
Now, in a low-inflation environment, flexibility is properly regarded as an important tool to avoid misalignments and to shield economies from external shocks.
More specifically, Asahi urged that Japan take the lead on managing global climate change by building on its record of successful innovation in energy conservation following the oil shocks of the 1970’s.
No surprise, then, that countries are ambivalent about preparing themselves to insure against financial shocks.
Energy shocks contributed to a lethal combination of stagnant economic growth and inflation, and every US president since Nixon likewise has proclaimed energy independence as a goal.
The US may be less vulnerable in the long run if it imports less energy, but oil is a fungible commodity, and the US economy will remain sensitive to shocks from sudden changes in world prices.
That concern centers on asset managers: Euro area investment funds are vulnerable to “potential shocks in global financial markets.”
Or should we seek refuge against high oil prices, geopolitical shocks in the Middle East, and continued nuclear uncertainties in Japan, the world’s third largest economy?
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