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Shocks in sentence

1003 examples of Shocks in a sentence

A single monetary policy focused on price stability in the euro area cannot react to shocks that affect only one country or region.
Still, over the longer run, there is no guarantee that any central bank will be able to hold the line in the face of adverse shocks such as continuing slow productivity growth, high debt levels, and pressure to reduce inequality through government transfers.
The risk would be particularly high in the event of other major shocks – say, a general rise in global real interest rates.
Much has been written about possible ecological shocks triggered by the impact of a growing human population’s demands on the biosphere, and about the social and political tensions stemming from resource scarcity or climate change.
Yet there are also commonalities – and warnings to us all: we are not prepared for these massive shocks, more of which are certain to come.
Van Rompuy’s budget would also help to stabilize the eurozone in the event that asymmetric shocks require temporary transfers from unaffected to crisis-stricken countries.
Historically, such V-shaped recoveries have served the useful purpose of absorbing excess slack and providing a cushion to withstand the inevitable shocks that always seem to buffet the global economy.
Torture and the Politics of AmbiguityEach new revelation of physical abuse, maltreatment, and sexual humiliation of Iraqi prisoners by American and British soldiers shocks international public opinion, leaving officials to scramble desperately to contain the damage.
This promoted inequality, and led to the under-regulated financial system’s seizure of power over the entire economy, destabilizing the real economy by fatally weakening its capacity to react to external shocks.
Demographics and DevelopmentWASHINGTON, DC – Achieving the ambitious Sustainable Development Goals – which aim to end poverty, boost shared prosperity, and promote sustainability, between now and 2030 – will require overcoming some major obstacles, ranging from securing enough financing to addressing climate change to managing macroeconomic shocks.
If they did face negative income shocks, they could use their savings as a cushion.
This is true even – or especially – for a traditional industry like agriculture, which accounts for up to 60% of the continent’s jobs but is especially vulnerable to droughts and other climate shocks.
Boom-bust financial cycles are driven largely by shocks generated in advanced economies, but they are key determinants of emerging markets’ business cycles.
Moreover, the spillover effects of advanced economies’ monetary policies extend beyond financial shocks.
Some have collective shocks to the marginal utility of leisure.
Other models have large quarterly shocks to the depreciation rate in the capital stock (in order to generate high asset price volatilities)...”That is, downturns are either the result of a great forgetting of technological and organizational knowledge, a great vacation as workers suddenly develop a taste for extra leisure, or a great rusting as the speed at which oxygen corrodes accelerates, reducing the value of large things made out of metal.
The FAO blames the rise in hunger on a proliferation of violent conflicts and “climate-related shocks,” which means specific, extreme events like floods and droughts.
But in the FAO’s press release, “climate-related shocks” becomes “climate change.”
It may seem like a tiny step to go from blaming “climate-related shocks” to blaming “climate change.”
In the aftermath of the oil price shocks, energy security policy has had four components.
Here incomes are often considerably more volatile than in richer countries, owing to heavy reliance on a few commodities or industries and hence higher vulnerability to external shocks, including weather-related and other natural disasters.
Either way, even if remittances from abroad act as a form of insurance in the event of natural disasters, this does not mean that they will increase when other types of external shocks occur.
This dampens the need for the exchange rate to function as a mechanism of adjustment for potential shocks.
It would be impractical and socially undesirable to depend on labor mobility to help overcome temporary shocks, and an independent monetary policy can do little to address the permanent shocks that labor mobility can ameliorate.
But if it is implemented, in 3-5 years Argentina will look exactly like the country we have always known: a largely closed economy that remains dangerously vulnerable to external shocks.
Blessed at the start with a very low inflation rate in the euro area, the common currency soon faced a series of one-off shocks.
These shocks were naturally beyond the ECB’s control.
The policy response, however, required preventing these shocks from becoming entrenched in medium to long-term inflation expectations.
In developing economies, global financial flows have most visibly contributed to macroeconomic shocks that fuel economic uncertainty, which shortens corporations’ investment-planning horizon.
My research with Hui Tong of the International Monetary Fund shows that countries whose capital inflows that are mainly in the form of FDI tend to be more resilient to foreign financial shocks.
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