Flies
in sentence
366 examples of Flies in a sentence
Now, what happens is, as it
flies
underneath Saturn, Saturn grabs it gravitationally and flings it up and out of the solar system, so if I just keep letting this go, you can see Voyager 1 fly up like that.
Fireflies are not flies, fireflies are beetles.
Neurobiologists, as you well know, have lots of experimental preps, worms and rodents and fruit
flies
and things like this.
And swat us away like flies, the way we swat away
flies
when we go into the rainforest and start logging it.
Well, I spent a lot of my early career trying to figure out how insect wings generate enough force to keep the
flies
in the air.
What's clever is the way the fly flaps it, which of course ultimately is controlled by the nervous system, and this is what enables
flies
to perform these remarkable aerial maneuvers.
Now
flies
excel in the sorts of sensors that they carry to this problem.
But all of this sensory information has to be processed by a brain, and yes, indeed,
flies
have a brain, a brain of about 100,000 neurons.
Now several people at this conference have already suggested that fruit
flies
could serve neuroscience because they're a simple model of brain function.
And I think that
flies
are a great model.
They're a great model for
flies.
And then something happened when I started to work on
flies.
And I think if you compare the natural history of
flies
and mice, it's really comparable.
But I would argue that
flies
do more.
So at least you'll admit that if fruit
flies
are not as clever as mice, they're at least as clever as pigeons.
Is there any evidence that
flies
do this?
Here's a fly and a large infrared view of the fly in the flight simulator, and this is a game the
flies
love to play.
The green trace at the bottom is the membrane potential of a neuron in the fly's brain, and you'll see the fly start to fly, and the fly is actually controlling the rotation of that visual pattern itself by its own wing motion, and you can see this visual interneuron respond to the pattern of wing motion as the fly
flies.
And one of the lessons we've been learning is that the physiology of cells that we've been studying for many years in quiescent
flies
is not the same as the physiology of those cells when the
flies
actually engage in active behaviors like flying and walking and so forth.
And raise your hand if you think that basic research on fruit
flies
has anything to do with understanding mental illness in humans.
Now to begin to overcome our ignorance of the role of brain chemistry in brain circuitry, it's helpful to work on what we biologists call "model organisms," animals like fruit
flies
and laboratory mice, in which we can apply powerful genetic techniques to molecularly identify and pinpoint specific classes of neurons, as you heard about in Allan Jones's talk this morning.
He was my Jedi and my rabbi while he was here, and Seymour taught me both to love
flies
and also to play with science.
It's one thing to believe that
flies
have emotion-like states, but how do we actually find out whether that's true or not?
However, it's a little difficult to do that in fruit
flies.
So we decided to see if
flies
could be provoked into showing the kind of behavior that you see by the proverbial wasp at the picnic table, you know, the one that keeps coming back to your hamburger the more vigorously you try to swat it away, and it seems to keep getting irritated.
So we built a device, which we call a puff-o-mat, in which we could deliver little brief air puffs to fruit
flies
in these plastic tubes in our laboratory bench and blow them away.
And what we found is that if we gave these
flies
in the puff-o-mat several puffs in a row, they became somewhat hyperactive and continued to run around for some time after the air puffs actually stopped and took a while to calm down.
And what this quantification showed us is that, upon experiencing a train of these air puffs, the
flies
appear to enter a kind of state of hyperactivity which is persistent, long-lasting, and also appears to be graded.
So we decided to use our puff-o-mat and our automated tracking software to screen through hundreds of lines of mutant fruit
flies
to see if we could find any that showed abnormal responses to the air puffs.
And this is one of the great things about fruit
flies.
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