Amygdala
in sentence
59 examples of Amygdala in a sentence
And this brings us into the realm of a brain region called the
amygdala.
The amygdala, which is central to violence, central to fear, initiates volleys of cascades that produce pulling of a trigger.
What was the level of activity in your
amygdala
one second before?
What was going on in the environment seconds to minutes before that impacted the
amygdala?
Furthermore, if you're in pain, if you're hungry, if you're exhausted, your frontal cortex is not going to work as well, part of the brain whose job it is to get to the
amygdala
in time saying, "Are you really sure that's a gun there?"
Elevated testosterone levels, elevated levels of stress hormones, and your
amygdala
is going to be more active and your frontal cortex will be more sluggish.
This is the realm of neural plasticity, the fact that your brain can change in response to experience, and if your previous months have been filled with stress and trauma, your
amygdala
will have enlarged.
And as an example of this, if as a fetus you were exposed to a lot of stress hormones through your mother, epigenetics is going to produce your
amygdala
in adulthood as a more excitable form, and you're going to have elevated stress hormone levels.
I'm told that that's the
amygdala.
We also learned that there is a region deep in the brain called the amygdala, which we had been studying in our emotion research a lot.
And furthermore, when somebody stimulates your
amygdala
while you're sitting there and you might just be working, you don't show any signs of distress, but you stop breathing, and you don't start again until somebody stimulates you.
Studies have shown that disabling certain brain circuits in the
amygdala
can eliminate pain in rats.
And as we all know, fear resides in the amygdala, and it is a very natural response, and it is very closely linked with visual perception.
How can we disengage or unhook ourselves from the horns of the
amygdala?
Emotional memory is supported by a small almond-shaped structure called the
amygdala
and its connections.
Now, while stress is doing that to the hippocampus, look at what it does to the amygdala, that structure important for the emotional, non-declarative memory.
A rat's
amygdala
responds to natural dangers (rats fear cats without having to learn to do so) and learns about new dangers (sounds, sights and smells that occur in anticipation of cats and other threats).
There is also evidence that
amygdala
of reptiles and birds have similar functions.
Studies of humans with damage to the amygdala, due to neurological disease or as a consequence of surgery to control epilepsy, show that our brains also work in this same basic way.
Take this example: if you return to the scene of a recent accident, you are likely to have a physical reaction that reflects activation of memories stored in the
amygdala.
In contrast, memories mediated by the
amygdala
are unconscious.
Neuro-anatomists have shown that the pathways that connect the
amygdala
with the thinking brain, the neocortex, are not symmetrical - the connections from the cortex to the
amygdala
are considerably weaker than those from the
amygdala
to the cortex.
The brain systems that control behavioral responses in threatening situations are similar in rodents and humans, and involve older areas deep in the brain that work nonconsciously (for example, the amygdala).
Start with nonconscious exposures (using subliminal stimulation to bypass conscious thoughts and feelings that can be aroused and interfere with the exposure process) to dampen the response of areas like the
amygdala.
The recognition of the brain’s vulnerability and plasticity under stress began with investigations of the hippocampus, and it now includes the amygdala, a brain region involved in fear, anxiety, and mood, and the prefrontal cortex, which is important in decision making, memory, and top-down control of impulsive behavior, as well as regulation of the autonomic nervous system and stress hormone axis.
Repeated stress causes neurons in the hippocampus and the prefrontal cortex to shrink and lose connections with other nerve cells, while it also causes neurons in the
amygdala
to grow and form new connections.
Three brain areas - the hippocampus, the prefrontal cortex, and the
amygdala
- are particularly susceptible to pathological changes in size and function.
On the other hand, rather than atrophying, the amygdala, the seat of emotional memories, becomes hyperactive both in post-traumatic stress disorder and depressive illness, and there is evidence from animal studies of a hypertrophy of nerve cells after repeated stress.
A hyperactive amygdala, along with abnormal activity in other regions of the brain, leads to disrupted patterns of sleep and physical activity, as well as irregular patterns of secretion of hormones and other chemical mediators that control many of the body's structures.
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Hippocampus
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