Sovereign
in sentence
1399 examples of Sovereign in a sentence
Europe must grapple with many issues simultaneously, including refugees, immigration,
sovereign
debt, high unemployment, and a welfare state that no longer delivers what it promises, despite high taxation and the availability of enormous resources to finance it.
But as Iraq spirals into chaos, diplomats and leaders everywhere are again asking themselves if it is ever appropriate for alliances of nations or the international community as a whole to intervene when a
sovereign
country appears unable or unwilling to defend its citizens from genocide, war crimes, or ethnic cleansing.
Yet the FCA’s proposal would exempt SOEs accepted to the Premium Listing Segment from rules on related party transactions, if more than 30% of ownership is
sovereign.
The FCA proposal assumes that “investors and the market are sufficiently able to assess the additional risks arising from
sovereign
ownership.”
A single monetary policy for a currency area comprising 11 – and later 12 – countries, each with a
sovereign
national government, was something entirely new.
Local-currency bond markets, vertical funds for global public goods, carbon markets, and new mechanisms to attract institutional investors and
sovereign
wealth funds would also help.
China’s investment in US government securities and other
sovereign
debt will continue to yield extremely low returns.
Sovereign
debt should come with equity backing, and emissions of government securities should be capped.
As Supreme Court Justice Hugo Black explained in 1967, “In our country, the people are
sovereign
and the Government cannot sever its relationship to the people by taking away their citizenship.”
But would overthrowing a
sovereign
government – even an appalling dictatorship like Assad’s – really place the US or Russia on the right side of history?
In the case of the unification of two or more previously
sovereign
states, Bentham is sensitive to the problem of providing assurances to the smaller states that the larger ones will not dominate them.
Today’s realities call for an updated operating system—World Order 2.0 – based on “sovereign obligation,” the notion that
sovereign
states have not just rights but also obligations to others.
Governments would have to act consistently within this regime as part of their
sovereign
obligations – or face sanctions or retaliation.
Fortunately, the notion of
sovereign
obligation is already advanced in this sphere: countries are responsible for trying to detect infectious disease outbreaks, responding appropriately, and notifying others around the world.
Trade agreements are, by definition, pacts of reciprocal
sovereign
obligations regarding tariff and nontariff barriers.
The challenge, therefore, is to define appropriate
sovereign
obligations in these areas in future trade pacts, and to create mechanisms to hold governments accountable.
Establishing the concept of
sovereign
obligations as a pillar of the international order will take decades of consultations and negotiations – and even then, its acceptance and impact will be uneven.
Realistically, it will be difficult to forge agreement on what specific
sovereign
obligations states have and how they should be enforced.
Moving toward a new international order that incorporates
sovereign
obligation is the best way to cope.
World Order 2.0, predicated on
sovereign
obligation, is certainly an ambitious project – but one born of realism, not idealism.
The simplest solution is to treat official funding no differently from private debt – best achieved if official lenders buy
sovereign
bonds as they are issued (possibly at a predetermined yield) and agree to be treated on par with private creditors in a restructuring.
With deflation leading to negative income growth, the weight of debt relative to income increases, potentially becoming unbearable for borrowers – and thus increasing the risk of sovereign- and private-debt crises.
For centuries,
sovereign
states have regulated their relations – from ending wars and demarcating borders to establishing diplomatic privileges and conducting trade – with treaties.
To be sure, the financial crisis had different catalysts in different countries, including subprime loans, real-estate bubbles,
sovereign
debt, and economic downturns that affected small and medium-size enterprises.
It should acknowledge that, except in emergencies, international bureaucrats cannot dictate
sovereign
choices.
First, a default by a major European
sovereign
would be a true financial catastrophe.
The same is true for a variety of once-risky fixed-income instruments – from high-yield corporate “junk” bonds to
sovereign
debt in crisis-torn Europe.
Providing an additional shield to the peripheral countries is the European Central Bank's plan to begin purchasing
sovereign
bonds.
The OMT program’s supporters point out that it has calmed the financial markets by affirming the ECB’s readiness to step in as a lender of last resort and buy
sovereign
debt before a country goes bust.
The EU was originally conceived to be an ever-closer association of
sovereign
states willing to pool a gradually increasing share of their sovereignty for the common good.
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