Points
in sentence
3133 examples of Points in a sentence
Between 2001-2002 and 2007-2008, social-welfare spending in countries with abundant natural resources increased by around 55% in real terms, with spending relative to GDP rising by nearly 3.5 percentage
points.
After decades of double-digit GDP growth, today’s slowdown
points
to an economic system in trouble.
The pound initially fell sharply, and then recovered, while long-term government borrowing rates have risen by around 30 basis
points.
The first knockout would occur if, “in the MPC’s view, it is more likely than not that CPI inflation 18 to 24 months ahead will be 0.5 percentage
points
or more above the 2% target.”
The final knockout – which would occur if “the Financial Policy Committee (FPC) judges that the stance of monetary policy poses a significant threat to financial stability” –
points
to the third problem.
The IMF also reckons that the advanced countries must cut spending or increase taxes by nine percentage
points
of GDP on average over the current decade, in order to bring the public-debt ratio to 60% of GDP by 2030.
As a recent HSBC report
points
out, the reasons for China’s rapid accumulation of debt, which is concentrated in the corporate and local-government sectors, suggest that the situation is not nearly as dangerous as many are making it out to be.
But interest rates on longer-term Italian government bonds (and Italian private-sector borrowing costs) are about 250 basis
points
higher than those on the German equivalents (this is the risk premium).
Even if the risk premium doubled, to 500 basis points, the Italian government’s debt-service costs would rise, but the money would be paid to Italian investors (whose higher incomes could then be taxed away).
The panelists agreed on two points: first, they initially detested the wrenching adjustment programs dictated by the terms of the International Monetary Fund’s so-called conditional bailouts (the South Koreans still refer scornfully to the “IMF crisis” of the late 1990’s).
From 1991 to 2010, for example, Italy forecast growth rates at the three-year horizon that were, on average, 2.3 percentage
points
above what was actually achieved.
Indeed, according to the International Monetary Fund, Chinese corporate, government, and household debt has increased by about $23 trillion in the last decade alone, and its debt-to-GDP ratio has risen by around 100 percentage points, to more than 250%.
And it improved the 100-point Gini coefficient of income inequality by a full five
points.
Over the course of that year, the ECB did cut the benchmark rate by 50 basis points, to the then-unprecedented level of 1.5%.
Over the next year, the rate was raised to 3.75%, even though inflation had not accelerated by more than a few dozen basis
points.
With the labor-force participation rate five percentage
points
higher that it was back then, it seems clear that fewer workers have been discouraged from job-seeking today than at the start of the EMU, and thus that there is less underused potential in the economy.
But can a few dozen basis
points
in (poorly measured) long-term inflation expectations justify the need for massive quantitative easing and a policy rate 250
points
lower than it was at a time of weaker market fundamentals?
Today, the Federal Reserve has kept its benchmark rate below 1.5% – 350 basis
points
lower than in 1999 – and has postponed any reduction in its bloated balance sheet.
Final Thoughts on Secular StagnationCAMBRIDGE – Joseph Stiglitz, Roger Farmer, and I are now and have long been in agreement on what are probably the most important
points.
I continue to have disagreements with Stiglitz on the record of policy advice, and with both Stiglitz and Farmer on some
points
of theory regarding secular stagnation.
As Donald Tusk, the president of the European Council, regularly
points
out, this could be the first time in history that a trade negotiation results in additional barriers to commerce.
The commodity-price collapse in 2014 caused Latin American risk spreads to grow, but only by 1.5 percentage points, which was about one-third the impact of the Lehman Brothers shock.
Indeed, the Congressional Budget Office foresees increases in spending relative to GDP of about five percentage
points
in each of the next two decades.
Although there is no need immediately to announce a specific exchange rate for the zloty at euro entry, such a program must include among its focal
points
a formula for determining the rate.
In the absence of rebalancing, any one of several potential tipping
points
could seriously compromise the economy’s ability to pull off another soft landing: deteriorating credit quality in the banking system; weakening export competitiveness as wages rise; key environmental, governance, and social problems (namely, pollution, corruption, and inequality); and, of course, foreign-policy missteps, as suggested by escalating problems with Japan.
Perhaps the Portuguese time-buying strategy
points
the way ahead.
The French capital, Atomico
points
out, is already starting to challenge London and Berlin in terms of the number and volume of venture-capital-financed deals.
Another study, by the Boston Consulting Group,
points
out that many small export-oriented European Union member countries – namely, the Benelux, Baltic, and Nordic countries – rank well above the US in so-called “e-intensity,” which covers IT infrastructure, Internet access, as well as businesses, consumer, and government engagement in Internet-related activities.
Approximately 30,000 community health workers and volunteers are also needed to help staff an estimated 15,000 oral re-hydration
points.
Li’s analysis
points
to the related ascendance of senior officials trained in law and the social sciences – providing a skill set that is more closely aligned with the vision of a consumer society.
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