Manufacturing
in sentence
1925 examples of Manufacturing in a sentence
Developed economies’ massive outsourcing of traditional manufacturing, high-tech manufacturing, and even some low-end services has brought exciting opportunities for emerging markets that, like China, have resource and cost advantages, strong market potential, and industrial support capabilities.
The remaining $20 billion will go toward a joint investment fund with the United Arab Emirates and Qatar to invest in traditional energy, infrastructure development, and high-end
manufacturing
industries in the region.
And, as Mexico reforms its energy sector, the range of pressures on Asian
manufacturing
will expand;Mexico is already benefitting from cost pressures in China.
But income inequality was worsening steadily in all member countries, with more highly educated citizens benefiting from the booming services industry, while the less educated suffered as
manufacturing
moved to cheaper locations.
This bias reduces developing countries’ comparative advantage in traditionally labor-intensive
manufacturing
(and other) activities, and decreases their gains from trade.
First,
manufacturing
is tradable, which means domestic output is not constrained by demand (and incomes) at home.
Second,
manufacturing
know-how was relatively easy to transfer across countries and, in particular, from rich to poor economies.
Third,
manufacturing
did not make large demands on skills.
These three characteristics collectively made
manufacturing
a fantastic escalator to higher incomes for developing countries.
The Global Economics of DesireHow concerned should advanced countries be about the outsourcing of
manufacturing
to China or software development to India?
Manufacturing
employment in the US fell in 2003 to its lowest level since 1964, but thanks to a tripling in output per worker, total
manufacturing
output was roughly three times larger.
China has created four functioning global-scale modern supply chains in manufacturing, infrastructure, finance, and government services, thanks to its evolving, expanding, and complex web of contracts.
The country suffers from an unemployment rate of nearly 10%, and its
manufacturing
sector is still operating 12% below its level before the 2008 global financial crisis.
WWII, however, provided more than just a fiscal stimulus; it brought about a structural transformation, as the war effort moved large numbers of people from rural areas to urban centers and retrained them with the skills needed for a
manufacturing
economy, a process which continued with the GI bill.
An analogous structural transformation, this time not from agriculture to manufacturing, but from manufacturing-led growth to services-led growth, compounded by the need to adjust to globalization, marked the economy in the years before the 2008 crisis.
Instead, British consumers have been on a heedless spending spree since the vote to leave the European Union; and, no less illogically, construction, manufacturing, and services have recovered.
Germany’s leading car company is an exception to the
manufacturing
rules that have driven the country’s success, not an example of them.
The result – a decision to cheat on emissions tests – says less about Germany’s culture of
manufacturing
than about rot at the car company, beginning at the very top.
Airy talk about science and
manufacturing
as ladders out of recession (a favorite image of former British Prime Minister Gordon Brown) is just that – empty words.
There are few, if any, examples of high-cost post-industrial societies reviving their
manufacturing
sector on a large scale once it has declined.
America’s trade position will be strengthened by the shale-gas revolution, which promises energy self-sufficiency, and by increases in productivity that auger further re-shoring of
manufacturing
production.
While we may lament the loss of
manufacturing
jobs through “outsourcing,” we certainly do not lament exporting massive amounts of pollution to China.
Trade protectionism won’t help, because trade is not a zero-sum game, and most US
manufacturing
jobs have been lost to automation, not trade.
The authorities have now made solving the problem a high priority, and there can be little doubt that China has the resources to do so – much as it created the world’s largest
manufacturing
sector.
Indeed, the country could develop into a mini-China, placing massive
manufacturing
capacity immediately adjacent to the global economy’s largest integrated market.
All of this means that when California slumps, residents simply leave for the mountain states; when
manufacturing
jobs disappear in the upper Midwest, people migrate to new jobs in Texas.
LEXINGTON, MASSACHUSETTS – Although intelligent machines are increasingly operating complex
manufacturing
systems and replacing humans on factory floors, they have not made significant inroads in health care.
Not too long ago, many pundits doubted that China could make the shift from an economy dominated by labor-intensive manufacturing, exports, infrastructure investment, and heavy industry to a service economy underpinned by domestic demand.
Many have cited as evidence of more durable rebalancing the “onshoring” of US
manufacturing
that had previously relocated to emerging markets.
Several indicators suggest that, after decades of secular decline, America’s
manufacturing
competitiveness is indeed on the rise.
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