Instruments
in sentence
970 examples of Instruments in a sentence
Global civil society has developed
instruments
to halt consumption that produces harm.
Moreover, they would be limited in their holding of derivative instruments, and Obama has suggested that no commercial bank should hold more than 10% of national deposits.
So what can history tell us about the effectiveness of normative policy
instruments?
These countries have been more hesitant in trade matters, more ambiguous in the
instruments
they have chosen for managing the crisis, and remain reluctant to deal with environmental issues.
According to its own information, the aim of the European Union Emissions Trading Scheme (EU-ETS) is to help countries meet their 2010 Kyoto targets by using market
instruments
to encourage companies to reduce their CO2 emissions.
The second shaky principle is that, in order to validate these instruments, issuers of CDOs relied on credit-rating agencies.
It also highlights how China is fashioning unconventional tools of coercive diplomacy, whose
instruments
already range from informally boycotting goods from a targeted country to halting strategic exports (such as of rare-earth minerals) and suspending Chinese tourist travel.
During the eurozone crisis, the EU established financial
instruments
such as the European Financial Stabilization Mechanism (EFSM) and the European Stability Mechanism (ESM), capable of quickly tapping tens of billions of euros on attractive terms.
These
instruments
have all the characteristics of conventional bonds, but they are backed by investments that contribute to sustainable development or the fight against climate change.
With the
instruments
of humanity’s collective suicide yet to be invented, war could still be viewed, as the Prussian strategist Carl von Clausewitz famously put it, as “the continuation of politics by other means.”
The SRF and the AIIB will serve as the key financial
instruments
of China’s “One Belt, One Road” strategy, centered on the creation of two modern-day Silk Roads – the (overland) “Silk Road Economic Belt” and the “Twenty-First Century Maritime Silk Road” – stretching across Asia toward Europe.
Central banks have been left largely alone with objectives that exceed the capacity of their tools and instruments, while elements of the elite wait for a chance to blame monetary policymakers for weak economic performance.
The main challenge now is to continue using the “geometry of 20” to build
instruments
of world governance.
We now realize even the most sophisticated market players were clueless about the new financial
instruments
that emerged, and no one now doubts that the financial industry needs an overhaul.
True prudence requires that regulators avail themselves of a broader set of policy instruments, including quantitative ceilings, transaction taxes, restrictions on securitization, prohibitions, or other direct inhibitions on financial transactions – all of which are anathema to most financial market participants.
To be sure, they will help to prevent banks from using
instruments
resembling collateralized debt obligations (which banks use to repackage individual loans for placement on secondary markets) to reduce their exposure.
But even a purely rhetorical structure would probably sound the death knell of the OAS, and weaken its human rights instruments, which have proved increasingly valuable and effective.
And fixed-income
instruments
have become more concentrated in open-ended exchange-traded and dedicated credit funds.
The private sector can shift investment toward renewables through new financial
instruments
like credit guarantees and currency swaps, co-investment funds, and green bond markets.
We say this not because we don’t trust the people, but because referendums in representative democracies are
instruments
to be used very sparingly, on issues that directly affect the very core of national interests, institutions and identity.
It is probably best to accept that commodity prices will be volatile, and to create ways to limit the adverse economic effects – for example, financial
instruments
that allow hedging of the terms of trade.
My own five-point plan to achieve this goal begins with a call for the NPT Parties to pursue negotiations in good faith—as required by the treaty—on nuclear disarmament, either through a new convention or through a series of mutually reinforcing
instruments
backed by a credible system of verification.
Indeed, other
instruments
of policy, including intelligence, police work and diplomacy, are likely to play a larger part in any effective policy.
Why is it that schools, which should be recognized as safe havens, have become
instruments
of war, and schoolchildren have become pawns in extremists’ strategies?
Thirty countries have recently signed up to the Lucens or Safe School guidelines, which instruct their military authorities how to prevent schools from being used as
instruments
of war.
Third, not only is fixed income more illiquid, but now most of these
instruments
– which have grown enormously in number, owing to the mushrooming issuance of private and public debts before and after the financial crisis – are held in open-ended funds that allow investors to exit overnight.
Fourth, before the 2008 crisis, banks were market makers in fixed-income
instruments.
In effect, these
instruments
turn creditors into shareholders in a country’s economy, entitling them to a portion of its future profits while temporarily reducing its debt burden.
For regions such as Central and Eastern Europe, where the EIB argues that it is more difficult to find investment opportunities, the bank must develop targeted
instruments
and technical assistance that supports small-scale renewable-energy projects.
Likewise, economists have long noted that for countries gorging on capital inflows, there is a big difference between debt
instruments
and equity-like investments, including both stocks and foreign direct investment.
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