Infrastructure
in sentence
4036 examples of Infrastructure in a sentence
A brave concession, no doubt, but India has a more rigorous criterion for believing that Pakistan is truly serious about reaching a peaceful agreement: it wants Pakistan to dismantle the
infrastructure
of cross-border terrorism--in particular, the training camps for Kashmiri separatists and their international jihadi brethren.
That means investing in
infrastructure
(including digital) and education, enforcing land registration and property rights, and supporting research to preserve scarce resources, combat climate change, and improve sustainability and resilience to shocks.
By contrast, the Modi government plans to pursue a pro-growth agenda that includes reducing bureaucratic delays, increasing
infrastructure
investment, stimulating manufacturing activity, and shifting to a simpler unified tax system.
But, unlike then, the countries that are accumulating the capital today are not spending it on consumption – remember the endless pictures of Saudi princes buying up real estate on the French Riviera – but on investment, infrastructure, and education.
Even China, which is trying to shift its economy more toward consumption in order to reduce its dependence on capital spending, has put in place an
infrastructure
of roads, power grids, ports, and railways that will serve its domestic economy for decades.
The energy sector has a relatively slow rate of capital replacement because of the long lifetimes of much of its
infrastructure.
China has grown for the last few decades on the back of export-led industrialization and a weak currency, which have resulted in high corporate and household savings rates and reliance on net exports and fixed investment (infrastructure, real estate, and industrial capacity for import-competing and export sectors).
China is rife with overinvestment in physical capital, infrastructure, and property.
Continuing down the investment-led growth path will exacerbate the visible glut of capacity in manufacturing, real estate, and infrastructure, and thus will intensify the coming economic slowdown once further fixed-investment growth becomes impossible.
This, in turn, requires public and private investment in tangible assets, physical and telecommunications infrastructure, human capital and skills, and the knowledge and technology base of the economy.
The world’s major economies are reaching new agreements every day to collaborate on research and development,
infrastructure
investment, and industrial strategy.
European leaders are already meeting with their Indian and Chinese counterparts to find areas where they can cooperate on developing clean energy and green
infrastructure.
In order to lift people out of poverty and ensure food security, a sustained effort is needed to develop Africa’s agriculture and the associated
infrastructure
– notably roads, telecommunication, and energy – needed to unleash agricultural potential.
But fiscal policies often targeted unproductive projects, such as rural
infrastructure
construction, and weaknesses in the banking system dampened the effectiveness of monetary stimulus.
Given that low-income economies typically have little fixed capital (computers, factories, infrastructure) and human capital (education and training) per worker, they tend to have higher potential returns to capital investment.
Finally, South Africa’s problems reflect a loss of confidence in the government, endemic corruption, massive
infrastructure
needs, and restrictive labor-market and foreign-investment regulation.
The regulatory
infrastructure
includes supervision, deposit guarantee, the lender of last resort, and emergency liquidity assistance.
India’s economy is continuing to grow, but faces rising inflation, fiscal and current-account deficits, a slowdown in agricultural growth, and
infrastructure
bottlenecks.
By contrast, India’s most important national security concerns – the unsettled border between the two countries, and Beijing’s ties with Pakistan, which often operates as a Chinese surrogate – are closely connected to China: Both factors are directly linked to China’s perceived threat to India’s Himalayan territory and its rapid development of strategic
infrastructure
in that region.
The
infrastructure
we use to produce our energy, transport our goods, and transact our business is under stress.
These bombings, and others since, have targeted the Iraqi state and its infrastructure, including the ministries of finance and foreign affairs and municipal and judicial offices.
He focuses on France’s tradition as a modern and dynamic country with high-quality engineering schools and prestige
infrastructure
projects.
Against this background, the recently announced Arab Stabilization Plan, an Arab-led private-sector initiative aimed at creating tens of thousands of jobs through large-scale
infrastructure
investment, is exactly the type of action needed to preserve social cohesion.
The most explicit call for the use of dollar reserves to finance a major program of
infrastructure
modernization has come from India, which has a similar problem to the one facing China and Japan.
Discussions about “greening” cities typically recognize the importance of sustainable
infrastructure
and smart urban planning.
What they often overlook is that nature is the world’s original infrastructure, and nature-based solutions can help cities address some of the biggest planning challenges they face, such as air and water pollution, water scarcity, and extreme heat, all of which are now being exacerbated by climate change.
In some cases, nature-based solutions are at least as cost-effective as conventional built infrastructure, not least because they can often address multiple challenges at once.
Urban areas may also need well-designed, sustainably built
infrastructure
to manage air and water, and integrated clean-energy systems and efficient public-transit options to help reduce pollution and carbon emissions.
The technology and
infrastructure
that have allowed cities to flourish in the past carried high costs, from pollution to flooding to biodiversity loss.
A longer-term solution will require the authorities to address the fact that demand for a limited supply of residential property is high and rising, owing to the rapid flow of often-young Chinese talent to cities that offer access to economic opportunities, not to mention better public
infrastructure.
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