Income
in sentence
5418 examples of Income in a sentence
So this is the share of total
income
going to the top 10 percent.
Now, the second fact is more about wealth inequality, and here the central fact is that wealth inequality is always a lot higher than
income
inequality, and also that wealth inequality, although it has also increased in recent decades, is still less extreme today than what it was a century ago, although the total quantity of wealth relative to
income
has now recovered from the very large shocks caused by World War I, the Great Depression, World War II.
So first, if you look at the level of wealth inequality, this is the share of total wealth going to the top 10 percent of wealth holders, so you can see the same kind of reversal between the U.S. and Europe that we had before for
income
inequality.
But you can also show two things: First, the general level of wealth inequality is always higher than
income
inequality.
So remember, for
income
inequality, the share going to the top 10 percent was between 30 and 50 percent of total income, whereas for wealth, the share is always between 60 and 90 percent.
Wealth concentration is always a lot higher than
income
concentration.
So this is the total value of wealth relative to income, and you can see that in particular in Europe, we are almost back to the pre-World War I level.
Let me first say that probably the best model to explain why wealth is so much more concentrated than
income
is a dynamic, dynastic model where individuals have a long horizon and accumulate wealth for all sorts of reasons.
If people were accumulating wealth only for life cycle reasons, you know, to be able to consume when they are old, then the level of wealth inequality should be more or less in line with the level of
income
inequality.
But it will be very difficult to explain why you have so much more wealth inequality than
income
inequality with a pure life cycle model, so you need a story where people also care about wealth accumulation for other reasons.
So take a simple example, with r equals five percent and g equals one percent, wealth holders only need to reinvest one fifth of their capital
income
to ensure that their wealth rises as fast as the size of the economy.
If you want an annual
income
of 1,000 pounds, you should have a capital value of 20,000 pounds so that five percent of 20,000 is 1,000.
And in a way, this was the very foundation of society, because r bigger than g was what allowed holders of wealth and assets to live off their capital
income
and to do something else in life than just to care about their own survival.
Just to give you one example, this comes from the Forbes billionaire rankings over the 1987-2013 period, and you can see the very top wealth holders have been going up at six, seven percent per year in real terms above inflation, whereas average
income
in the world, average wealth in the world, have increased at only two percent per year.
Thomas Piketty: Well, you know, I think if you look back through time, the history of income, wealth and taxation is full of surprise.
I think one century ago, many people would have said that progressive
income
taxation would never happen and then it happened.
Somalia, a country where the per capita
income
is only 250 dollars per year.
A construction worker from Bangladesh, on an average, pays about 4,000 dollars in recruitment fees for a job that gives him only 2,000 dollars per year in
income.
On the west side of the freeway in Palo Alto are the "haves," on just about any dimension you can think of: education, income, access to water.
This business did so well that within a year, she was employing 15 women and was able to generate enough
income
that she was able to send herself to school, and through these women fund another 65 children to go to school.
Researchers who studied our work in Kenya found that people invested in a range of assets, from livestock to equipment to home improvements, and they saw increases in
income
from business and farming one year after the cash was sent.
The average American spends 19 percent of their
income
on their car, and there's a pressure for them to reduce that cost, yet they have no outlet today.
With some friends, I cofounded a social enterprise with the mission to help the women create an
income
stream and improve their quality of life.
It meant that the women would stop receiving an
income
that they really needed.
From an orthopedic surgeon in Charlotte: "I find it an invasion of my privacy to disclose where my
income
comes from.
But your patients' sources of
income
don't affect your health.
On page seven he says, "The welfare of a nation can, therefore, scarcely be inferred from a measurement of national
income
as defined above."
I mean, there are many other megarisks that are going to define fragility in our time, not least
income
inequality, poverty, climate change, impunity.
Now I want to show you how, across emerging markets, entrepreneurs and companies are adopting frugal innovation on a larger scale to cost-effectively deliver healthcare and energy to billions of people who may have little
income
but very high aspirations.
And third, most importantly, because of the growing
income
disparity between the rich and the middle class in the West, there is a big disconnect between existing products and services and basic needs of customers.
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