Economists
in sentence
2720 examples of Economists in a sentence
Economists
and technocrats on the left bear a large part of the blame.
Indeed, the
economists
Ronald McKinnon and Kenichi Ohno have singled out US pressure for yen appreciation as a key source of the Japanese economy’s long-term deflation and stagnation – the so-called “lost decade” of economic malaise that is now well into its second.
Why Did
Economists
Not Foresee the Crisis?
CHICAGO – At the height of the financial crisis, the Queen of England asked my friends at the London School of Economics a simple question, but one for which there is no easy answer: Why did academic
economists
fail to foresee the crisis?
One is that
economists
lacked models that could account for the behavior that led to the crisis.
Another is that
economists
were blinkered by an ideology according to which a free and unfettered market could do no wrong.
Finally, an answer that is gaining ground is that the system bribed
economists
to stay silent.
Economists
even analyzed the political economy of regulation and deregulation, so we could have understood why some US politicians pushed the private sector into financing affordable housing, while others deregulated private finance.
Critics argue that the fundamentals were deteriorating in plain sight, and that the market (and economists) ignored it.
There were many more
economists
who believed that house prices, though high, were unlikely to fall across the board.
Of course, these expectations could have been distorted by ideology – it is hard to get into the past minds of
economists.
As a group, neither behavioral economists, who think that market efficiency is a joke, nor progressive economists, who distrust free markets, predicted the crisis.
Some academic
economists
consult for banks or rating agencies, give speeches to investor conferences, serve as expert witnesses, and carry out sponsored research.
One remedy would be to ban all interaction between
economists
and the corporate world.
But if
economists
were confined to the ivory tower, we might be unbiased, but we would also be ignorant of practicalities – and thus even less capable of predicting problems.
One way to restore trust may be disclosure – for
economists
to declare a monetary interest in a particular analysis and, more generally, to explain who pays us.
Most
economists
have very little interaction with the corporate world, and these “unbiased”
economists
were no better at forecasting the crisis.
Like medicine, economics has become highly compartmentalized – macroeconomists typically do not pay attention to what financial
economists
or real-estate
economists
study, and vice versa.
Because the profession rewards only careful, well-supported, but necessarily narrow analysis, few
economists
try to span sub-fields.
The main advantage that academic
economists
have over professional forecasters may be their greater awareness of established relationships between factors.
And it may well be that academic
economists
have little to say about short-term economic movements, so that forecasting, with all its errors, is best left to professional forecasters.
The danger is that disengagement from short-term developments leads academic
economists
to ignore medium-term trends that they can address.
But some
economists
doubt that these events tell the whole story.
Finally, there is the argument that Chinese FDI fails to transfer technologies and skills to local businesses – what
economists
refer to as “positive spillovers.”
To understand why, we can appeal to game theory, which provides
economists
and others a powerful framework with which to explain the dynamics of both simple and complex interactions.
The debate about the contribution of religious values is parallel to the debate over the relationship of freedom to economic development – a central issue in the work of the Nobel laureate
economists
Friedrich Hayek and Amartya Sen. It is clearly tempting for critics of authoritarian regimes to argue that freedom is good because it promotes economic growth.
A choir of prominent American economists, including Paul Krugman, Kenneth Rogoff, and Nouriel Roubini, claimed that Latvia, Estonia, and Lithuania must also devalue.
But, while the OMT program’s positive impact on financial markets is proof of its success, it has come under fierce attack by the German public, political parties, and
economists.
So we worked to encourage a variety of economists, including Stiglitz, to offer larger estimates of what was appropriate, as reflected in the briefing memo I prepared for Obama.
(Some might cynically say that keeping MBAs and
economists
out of real businesses is a blessing, but I doubt that that is really true.)
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