Disease
in sentence
3042 examples of Disease in a sentence
So with cities, you also have congestion and pollution and
disease
and all these negative things.
But that's not what I want to talk to you about, because right now there are some really extraordinary things that we are doing with stem cells that are completely changing the way we look and model disease, our ability to understand why we get sick, and even develop drugs.
I truly believe that stem cell research is going to allow our children to look at Alzheimer's and diabetes and other major diseases the way we view polio today, which is as a preventable
disease.
This was really an extraordinary advance, because although these cells are not human embryonic stem cells, which still remain the gold standard, they are terrific to use for modeling
disease
and potentially for drug discovery.
He took skin biopsies, this time from people who had a disease, ALS, or as you call it in the U.K., motor neuron
disease.
He turned them into the IPS cells that I've just told you about, and then he turned those IPS cells into the motor neurons that actually were dying in the
disease.
So basically what he did was to take a healthy cell and turn it into a sick cell, and he recapitulated the
disease
over and over again in the dish, and this was extraordinary, because it was the first time that we had a model of a
disease
from a living patient in living human cells.
And as he watched the
disease
unfold, he was able to discover that actually the motor neurons were dying in the
disease
in a different way than the field had previously thought.
So you could really say that researchers trying to understand the cause of
disease
without being able to have human stem cell models were much like investigators trying to figure out what had gone terribly wrong in a plane crash without having a black box, or a flight recorder.
We are all different, and a
disease
that I might have, if I had Alzheimer's
disease
or Parkinson's disease, it probably would affect me differently than if one of you had that disease, and if we both had Parkinson's disease, and we took the same medication, but we had different genetic makeup, we probably would have a different result, and it could well be that a drug that worked wonderfully for me was actually ineffective for you, and similarly, it could be that a drug that is harmful for you is safe for me, and, you know, this seems totally obvious, but unfortunately it is not the way that the pharmaceutical industry has been developing drugs because, until now, it hasn't had the tools.
It's here now, and in our family, my son has type 1 diabetes, which is still an incurable disease, and I lost my parents to heart
disease
and cancer, but I think that my story probably sounds familiar to you, because probably a version of it is your story.
But, having had a father with heart disease, and realizing that what our family could afford was not what he should have gotten, and having a good friend step in to help, I really believe that all people deserve access to health at prices they can afford.
I won't go through the details of it, but that's an important discovery, and we know a good bit about that now, and it's just a small piece of it, but it's important because those are the neurons that you would lose if you had Parkinson's disease, and they're also the neurons that are hijacked by literally every drug of abuse, and that makes sense.
So this same dopamine system that gets addicted to drugs, that makes you freeze when you get Parkinson's disease, that contributes to various forms of psychosis, is also redeployed to value interactions with other people and to assign value to gestures that you do when you're interacting with somebody else.
I had just completed my undergraduate, and I was working as a research assistant at the lab of Dennis Selkoe, studying Parkinson's
disease
at Harvard, and I had fallen in love with neuroscience.
Because, you know, the one thing, one thing that you get with this disease, this one comes with a package, is you get a real sense of shame, because your friends go, "Oh come on, show me the lump, show me the x-rays," and of course you've got nothing to show, so you're, like, really disgusted with yourself because you're thinking, "I'm not being carpet-bombed.
He wrote a book over a thousand years ago called "The Canon of Medicine," and the rules he laid out for testing medicines are actually really similar to the rules we have today, that the
disease
and the medicine must be the same strength, the medicine needs to be pure, and in the end we need to test it in people.
As you can see, I carry a 32 percent risk of prostate cancer, 22 percent risk of psoriasis and a 14 percent risk of Alzheimer's
disease.
When I got these results, I started talking to doctors, and they told me not to tell anyone, and my reaction is, "Is that going to help anyone cure me when I get the disease?"
Just like fear offers us protective benefits, disgust seems to do the same thing, except for what disgust does is keeps us away from not things that might eat us, or heights, but rather things that might poison us, or give us
disease
and make us sick.
So this is whether you use a foul odor, a bad taste, from film clips, from post-hypnotic suggestions of disgust, images like the ones I've shown you, even just reminding people that
disease
is prevalent and they should be wary of it and wash up, right, to keep clean, these all have similar effects on judgment.
It's been estimated in the U.S., in a tiny colony of big brown bats, that they will feed on over a million insects a year, and in the United States of America, right now bats are being threatened by a
disease
known as white-nose syndrome.
So if it is the same, this indicates that that site is important for a function, so a
disease
mutation should fall within that site.
If we look at that region in mammals that don't see so well, such as bats, and we find that bats that don't see so well have the purple type, we know that this is probably what's causing this
disease.
So blindness is a big problem, and a lot of these blind disorders come from inherited diseases, so we want to try and better understand which mutations in the gene cause the
disease.
So what we've been doing in my lab is looking at these unique sensory specialists, the bats, and we have looked at genes that cause blindness when there's a defect in them, genes that cause deafness when there's a defect in them, and now we can predict which sites are most likely to cause
disease.
I had a conversation with my dad about prostate cancer, and I learned that my grandfather had prostate cancer and I was able to share with my dad that he was twice as likely to get that disease, and he didn't know that, and he hadn't been getting screened for it."
The
disease
leaves eight million people permanently blind each and every year.
But another thing about these induced pluripotent stem cells is that if we take some skin cells, let's say, from people with a genetic
disease
and we engineer tissues out of them, we can actually use tissue-engineering techniques to generate models of those diseases in the lab.
He generated neurons from these induced pluripotent stem cells from patients who have Lou Gehrig's Disease, and he differentiated them into neurons, and what's amazing is that these neurons also show symptoms of the
disease.
Back
Next
Related words
People
Which
Heart
Health
About
Cancer
There
Their
Countries
Other
World
Would
Could
Poverty
Years
Diabetes
Global
Where
Infectious
Diseases