Controls
in sentence
1229 examples of Controls in a sentence
This does not mean that capital
controls
can solve all problems: the same paper shows that they are relatively ineffective at preventing lending booms – another key cause of economic vulnerability.
This suggests that capital
controls
and prudential policies can complement each other, contrary to what conventional wisdom often assumes.
Nor do these findings suggest that capital
controls
have no costs.
Recent research, by carefully quantifying the potential costs and benefits, allows this standard logic to be applied to the question of whether and when to apply capital
controls.
This should entail the application of powerful macro-prudential tools: higher and countercyclical capital requirements, quantitative reserve requirements, and direct
controls
on borrowing through loan-to-value or loan-to-income limits.
Moreover, Pakistan’s fear of vilification and failure has given birth to an increasingly paranoid brand of Islam that seeks to impose stricter
controls
– on education, women’s rights, dancing, beardlessness, and sex – and close society to all forms of modernity.
Another such election in the near future, including the one set for January, is unlikely to occur, mainly owing to the continuing rift between the PLO and Hamas, which
controls
Gaza.
To support this effort, China’s government should loosen its grip on the exchange rate, while maintaining appropriate capital
controls.
So, instead of frowning on capital
controls
and pushing for financial openness, the International Monetary Fund should be in the business of actively helping countries implement such policies.
In the spirit of scientific cooperation, Folta offered to collaborate with Ayyadurai on university-based testing of genetically engineered corn and soy samples (along with appropriate controls), with analysis by an independent lab.
Because the president's party
controls
only a third of the seats in the National Assembly, a new ruling coalition will be needed, which is tricky as parties are now increasingly divided along regional lines.
On that day, the International Monetary Fund published a policy note that reversed its long-held position on capital
controls.
Rediscovering the common sense that had strangely eluded the Fund for two decades, the report noted: “logic suggests that appropriately designed
controls
on capital inflows could usefully complement” other policies.
As late as November of last year, IMF Managing Director Dominique Strauss-Kahn had thrown cold water on Brazil’s efforts to stem inflows of speculative “hot money,” and said that he would not recommend such
controls
“as a standard prescription.”
It is telling, for example, that Simon Johnson, the IMF’s chief economist during 2007-2008, has turned into one of the most ardent supporters of strict
controls
on domestic and international finance.
The IMF’s policy note makes clear that
controls
on cross-border financial flows can be not only desirable, but also effective.
This is important, because the traditional argument of last resort against capital
controls
has been that they could not be made to stick.
Even if true, evading the
controls
requires incurring additional costs to move funds in and out of a country – which is precisely what the
controls
aim to achieve.
Otherwise, why would investors and speculators cry bloody murder whenever capital
controls
are mentioned as a possibility?
One justification for capital
controls
is to prevent inflows of hot money from boosting the value of the home currency excessively, thereby undermining competitiveness.
To its credit, the IMF not only acknowledges this, but it also provides evidence that developing countries with capital
controls
were hit less badly by the fallout from the sub-prime mortgage meltdown.
The taboo that has attached to capital
controls
has discouraged practical, policy-oriented work that would help governments to manage capital flows directly.
There is some empirical research on the consequences of capital
controls
in countries such as Chile, Colombia, and Malaysia, but very little systematic research on the appropriate menu of options.
With the stigma on capital
controls
gone, the IMF should now get to work on developing guidelines on what kind of
controls
work best and under what circumstances.
But, as under Yeltsin, it is the oligarchic faction that dominates, for it
controls
the Presidential Administration, the Council of Ministers, two centrist parliamentary factions, and much of Russia’s oil, aluminum, railways and nuclear industries.
They occurred because regulation of banks and
controls
on capital movements were lifted; they were shorter than in the 1930’s because the policy responses were not idiotic.
Around this time, Argentina’s then President Nestor Kirchner was using price
controls
to keep food prices low.
Google
controls
roughly 90% of Europe’s search-engine market.
And the actual hands at the
controls
of the world’s premier natural-gas economy are those of the FSB.
This is why Europe’s mayors call upon European institutions to focus on social cohesion with the same commitment that has been invested until now in asylum and border
controls.
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