Chains
in sentence
979 examples of Chains in a sentence
We can discuss the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals – which include targets like “halving per capita global food waste at the retail and consumer level, and reducing food losses along production and supply
chains
by 2030” – until we are blue in the face.
The Trump administration would also have to refrain from pursuing protectionist trade measures that would disrupt the “spaghetti bowl” of cross-border value
chains
for both producers and consumers.
STAR safeguards the flow of goods and people through measures that secure ships, aviation, and travelers – thereby enhancing cross-border security, customs networking, and protection of corporate supply
chains.
The move was met with howls of protest from those who argue that the entry of large hypermarket
chains
like Carrefour and Walmart will devastate the small shops that currently dominate India’s retail sector.
The debate around opening the retail sector to foreign investment is currently being framed, on the one hand, by the need to modernize supply
chains
and, on the other hand, by the desire to protect small shopkeepers’ livelihoods.
Those who support the decision argue that India’s supply
chains
are simply too wasteful, and that only the finance and knowhow of big, international retail
chains
can upgrade them.
The real question is how India’s creaking supply
chains
will respond when consumers leapfrog hypermarkets and go online.
China wants to shift its economic model away from manufacturing and toward services, where its many graduates could be gainfully employed; but it is currently locked into its position at the bottom of most global value
chains.
When global values
chains
grow and new jobs are created, those jobs are distributed according to a country’s competitive advantage.
The current system misallocates Chinese talent, prevents graduates from reaching their full potential, and impedes the economy’s capacity to ascend global value
chains.
Sadly, they seem intent on imposing tariffs, which will disrupt international supply chains, possibly lead to trade wars, and only hasten US industry’s shift abroad.
Likewise, stories of illegal or unethical labor practices – for example, among Apple suppliers in China – have inspired companies to take a close look at their supply
chains.
In the same vein, companies should be holding other organizations in their supply
chains
accountable.
Trade, investment, and production
chains
now link China, Japan, and South Korea in ways that no one could have imagined 20 years ago.
Firms in both manufacturing and services are adopting new information technologies – today’s analog to small electric motors – to optimize supply
chains
and quality-management systems.
There are now mobile phone apps that assess and grade large multinational companies’ supply
chains
for customers, investors, and public officials.
Instead of applying their home countries’ ethical requirements and standards in the countries where they operate, Western companies draw a veil of subsidiaries, contractors, and supply
chains
over behavior that consumers and investors would consider reprehensible.
Policymaking in this area here would also need to account for the disruptive impact of new technologies on business models, supply chains, lifestyles, and even politics within China.
That led to income and price movements that caused the tradable sector’s scope to shrink, as lower value-added links of global supply
chains
moved to emerging economies.
Of course, for robotics and AI to appear in developing-country value chains, including services that rely on frontier technologies, a minimum set of specific skills and infrastructure will be needed.
But so will countries’ efficiency at learning regulatory lessons, including how to design rules that attract investors, capture important segments of value chains, and secure a sufficiently large share of the gains from innovation.
The industrial agriculture system’s production
chains
must be replaced with local, decentralized, and sustainable production
chains.
As it stands now, large-scale industrial meat producers are profiting extensively from EU subsidies; but these subsidies could be redirected as investments in decentralized meat and grain production
chains
that adhere to a more sustainable model.
It could also bring products from other African countries into South Africa’s strong supply
chains
and trade networks, benefiting the entire region.
Of course, building a circular economy would require a fundamental restructuring of global value
chains.
Beyond across-the-board tariff reductions, policymakers will also need to designate sensitive and excluded products in a way that promotes regional value chains, including in agro-processing, chemicals, and automobiles, as well as in the services/logistics inputs that constitute up to 60% of the value of final products.
There are several reasons why so much perishable food is lost, including the absence of modern food distribution chains, too few cold-storage centers and refrigerated trucks, poor transportation facilities, erratic electricity supply, and the lack of incentives to invest in the sector.
In fact, these other interconnections have fed back into trade, as they have enabled the emergence of global value chains, whereby different steps of the production process occur in different countries.
In other words, global value
chains
have little impact on these larger trading economies.
In the past, the US brought a large open market, foreign direct investment, and technology, while China supplied low-cost labor-intensive components in key global manufacturing supply
chains.
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