Cancers
in sentence
163 examples of Cancers in a sentence
You might think that we learned about oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes from common
cancers
like breast cancer and prostate cancer and lung cancer, but you'd be wrong.
We learned about oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes for the first time in that itty-bitty little one percent of
cancers
called sarcoma.
But we didn't learn about it from common
cancers.
So, there's still a lot of room for improvement, even for
cancers
that do have screening options, and, of course, considerable benefits for those that don't.
A key challenge then for cancer researchers is to develop methods that make regular screening for many types of
cancers
much more accessible.
In cancers, changes in the DNA called mutations are what drive these
cancers
to go out of control.
Around 10 years ago, I was part of the team at Johns Hopkins that first mapped the mutations of
cancers.
We did this first for colorectal, breast, pancreatic and brain
cancers.
Today, tens of thousands of
cancers
are understood down to exquisite molecular detail.
Instead of one-size-fits-all methods to be able to treat cancers, there is a whole new class of drugs that are able to target
cancers
based on their unique genetic profile.
While genetically similar, there are small differences in these different
cancers
that make them differently prone to different drugs.
We desperately need better detection mechanisms for
cancers.
Even more importantly, we need a method to be able to detect
cancers
before they're 100 million cells in size.
Since we know the signatures of these cancer cells from all the different cancer genome sequencing projects, we can look for those signals in the blood to be able to detect these
cancers
early.
So instead of waiting for
cancers
to be large enough to cause symptoms, or for them to be dense enough to show up on imaging, or for them to be prominent enough for you to be able to visualize on medical procedures, we can start looking for
cancers
while they are relatively pretty small, by looking for these small amounts of DNA in the blood.
Well, because there's no way of really predicting right now which patients will get cancer, we use the next best population:
cancers
in remission; specifically, lung cancer.
The sad fact is, even with the best drugs that we have today, most lung
cancers
come back.
The key, then, is to see whether we're able to detect these recurrences of
cancers
earlier than with standard methods.
Because of this assignment, we've done additional studies now in other cancers, including breast cancer, lung cancer and ovarian cancer, and I can't wait to see how much earlier we can find these
cancers.
And from these two vials of blood we will be able to compare the DNA from all known signatures of cancer, and hopefully then detect
cancers
months to even years earlier.
Why do
cancers
have different sugars?
But once in a while,
cancers
get the ability to express these new sugars.
In fact, the cumulative research from the last 20 years has made clear that telomere attrition is contributing to our risks of getting cardiovascular diseases, Alzheimer's, some
cancers
and diabetes, the very conditions many of us die of.
OK, simply put, yes, nudging up telomerase does decrease the risks of some diseases, but it also increases the risks of certain and rather nasty
cancers.
So even if you could buy that Costco-sized bottle of telomerase, and there are many websites marketing such dubious products, the problem is you could nudge up your risks of
cancers.
And you can see on the top that
cancers
which are bad show insertions or deletions.
It also helps reduce the risk of the most common cancers, like breast, prostate and colon.
There’s also a fascinating connection to cancer here, because people with neurologic diseases have a very low incidence of most
cancers.
Human saliva in particular mirrors the composition of our bodies’ proteins and hormones, and can give early-warning signals for certain
cancers
and infectious and autoimmune diseases.
HPV infections of the throat may lead to head and neck cancers, but for now there’s no equivalent of the pap smear for the throat.
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