Borrowing
in sentence
1116 examples of Borrowing in a sentence
It is appropriate to finance (some) long-lived public-capital investment by government borrowing, since the benefits will accrue for many years, and future taxpayers might equitably bear part of the burden.
The US federal government’s
borrowing
exceeded tax revenues in every year since the end of World War II.
In return, those allies, by holding its liabilities, can help to lower the issuer’s
borrowing
costs.
One can imagine that the financial behavior of these and other countries would change dramatically, with adverse implications for the dollar’s exchange rate and US
borrowing
costs, were America’s close military alliances with its allies to fray.
Wage growth, rather than
borrowing
and financial booms, fuelled demand growth.
In short, this is the wrong time to be increasing the budget deficit and
borrowing
more – particularly with interest rates set to rise further.
But, whereas advanced economies rarely implement this advice, China and many other developing countries do tend to adjust regulation, including reserve requirements for banks and ceilings on homebuyers’ borrowing, counter-cyclically.
Sensible debt strategies, a professional and independent debt office, and a clear legal framework for public
borrowing
have become more important than ever.
But more can and should be done before this new
borrowing
wave becomes too large to manage, or spreads to state and municipal governments that suffer from weaker administrative capacity.
For example, short-term funding markets involve the supposedly safe business of
borrowing
against the collateral of tradable securities, which is a mainstay of how broker-dealers finance themselves.
In essence, Europe is satisfied with low growth and
borrowing
from its grandchildren just because that keeps the peace and it keeps confused and undecided governments in power just a bit longer.
But can Bush really be blamed for Americans
' borrowing
too much?
This could result in profit expectations falling below the cost of
borrowing.
Since 2008, SOEs and so-called local-government financing platforms have been using loans to fund massive fixed-asset investments, while private-sector actors have been
borrowing
– often from the shadow-banking sector – to finance investment in real-estate development.
As a result, large enterprises – mostly SOEs, which enjoy considerable financial subsidies and liquidity – accounted for 43% of total bank loans in 2011; small and medium-size enterprises (SMEs), which face financial repression, including higher
borrowing
costs and tight liquidity, accounted for only 27%.
One measure of this deficiency is rates of borrowing; in East Africa, where my organization works, women borrow 13% less money for farm-related activities than men do.
By some reckonings, more than two-thirds of the increase in output and employment over the past six years has been real estate-related, reflecting both new housing and households
borrowing
against their homes to support a consumption binge.
As the account includes international payments for both trade in goods and financial claims, a deficit in a country’s Target account indicates foreign
borrowing
via the ECB, whereas a surplus denotes foreign lending via the ECB.
Its impact, both actual and potential, is relatively limited when compared to ongoing attempts to enhance and democratize lending, borrowing, investing, and payments and settlements.
More promising examples, albeit less well-known, may be found in Internet-driven lending and
borrowing
clubs or, more generally, the peer-to-peer initiatives in consumer financial services.
And while the Commission threatened Spain and Portugal with fines for their
borrowing
overruns, it ultimately pulled back.
Economists may warn that the combination of Trump’s protectionism, big tax cuts, and uncontrolled government borrowing, coming at a time when the US economy is already near full employment, will ultimately fuel inflationary pressure.
Sovereign
borrowing
is also expected to decline, in stark contrast to last year’s record-high bond issuance.
These entities, which retain considerable
borrowing
capacity, should be redirected to secure the surge funding required to address the migration crisis.
Their combined gross
borrowing
capacity is €110 billion, a number corresponding to the EU budget’s annual revenue.
The Balance of Payments Assistance Facility’s €50 billion of
borrowing
power is almost completely unused.
But raising interest rates has its downside: higher capital inflows, which will offset the disinflationary effect of higher
borrowing
costs.
The same applies to extensive government
borrowing
from abroad, to currency boards, even to currency unions.
The 1980’s Latin American crisis was caused by excessive borrowing; but that could not explain Mexico’s 1994 crisis, so it was attributed to under-saving.
Unfortunately, in the last five years, many emerging markets have reverted to
borrowing
in foreign currency.
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