Appreciation
in sentence
789 examples of Appreciation in a sentence
The pro-Brexit camp also positions itself as fighting to protect Britain from an uncontrollable influx of immigrants, from imported terrorism, and from laws formulated by foreigners who lack sufficient understanding and
appreciation
of British culture.
But a country’s authorities can prevent
appreciation
for a prolonged period of time by buying up foreign currency.
In emerging-market countries that are already struggling with the impact of rapid currency
appreciation
on their competitiveness, expansionary measures announced in recent weeks by the European Central Bank and the Bank of Japan have heightened the sense of alarm at the Fed’s decision.
Foreign experts had warned that a small Yuan
appreciation
might be worse than none.
Some Chinese are suspicious that the US push for RMB
appreciation
and financial-market liberalization is really an attempt to gain trade advantages and generate profits for American companies while slowing China’s economic expansion.
They mistakenly believe that yen
appreciation
during the mid-1980’s caused Japan’s weak economic performance in the 1990’s.
Indeed, though ethnic divisions can undermine military cohesion, a full
appreciation
of them can lead to a more robust and stable security environment.
The rise of “capital,” which Piketty documents in France and other countries, is caused mostly by the
appreciation
of real estate, simply because good locations become more valuable in an increasingly networked economy.
After the collapse of Lehman Brothers in 2008, the rapid expansion of the money supply in the US and the UK triggered a sharp
appreciation
of the Japanese yen, as well as of some emerging-market currencies.
So far, however, the RMB’s
appreciation
against the dollar has been slow.
Will the pace of
appreciation
accelerate enough to satisfy American demands?
But, despite ending the dollar peg, faster
appreciation
of the RMB seems unlikely for the foreseeable future.
China’s official position is that, to avoid the negative impact of a stronger RMB on China’s exports and hence employment,
appreciation
must proceed in an autonomous, gradual, and controllable manner.
The current exchange-rate regime, which links the RMB to a basket of currencies, was designed to give the PBC leeway to control the pace of RMB appreciation, while creating two-way fluctuations in the exchange rate against the US dollar in order to discourage speculators from making one-way bets on the RMB.
RMB
appreciation
should have started earlier and at a faster pace, when China’s trade surplus was much smaller and its growth was much less dependent on exports.
Delay has made current-account rebalancing via RMB
appreciation
costly.
The dilemma that officials face is that the impact of a fall in exports as a result of RMB
appreciation
will be felt acutely and immediately, whereas the large welfare losses due to the evaporation of the value of China’s foreign-exchange reserves will be borne by society as a whole – but not immediately.
Moreover, the increase in China’s overall price level – and wage levels in particular – has caused the RMB to strengthen steadily in real terms, reducing (to a certain extent) the need for nominal RMB
appreciation.
But RMB
appreciation
is not the preferred instrument for achieving this goal.
At the same time, the effect of currency
appreciation
on the trade balance should not be exaggerated.
Of course, RMB
appreciation
may displace Chinese goods sold in the US.
They have so far been limited to countries that have been struggling to curb currency
appreciation
and contain disruptive capital inflows since 2008.
For example, the Swiss authorities began in 2009 to intervene in currency markets in an effort to stem the franc’s relentless
appreciation
against the euro, which was threatening the country’s export-dependent economy.
Meanwhile, Brazilian authorities also faced currency
appreciation
– the real appreciated by 40% against the dollar in 2009-2011 – as well as rising inflation.
Managing capital inflows – which support further currency
appreciation
and inflation – required an increase in the financial operations tax and other administrative measures.
But, as Hollande’s recent declarations indicate, currency
appreciation
is the last thing that an uncompetitive country like France needs.
Although the French government, unlike its Spanish and Italian counterparts, has not yet had any difficulty financing itself at low interest rates, currency
appreciation
as the economy slides into recession is like fuel poured onto an unlit bonfire.
However, in later periods the objective was to avoid real exchange-rate appreciation, and, at the same time, to accumulate international reserves and strengthen credibility.
Anchoring the exchange rate is likely to result in disproportionate real appreciation, loss of competitiveness, external and financial crises, and disastrous recessions.
Those far-sighted Europeans who set Europe on its road to peace through unification deserve our heartfelt
appreciation.
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