Accumulation
in sentence
359 examples of Accumulation in a sentence
It is also true that the massive
accumulation
of foreign reserves that is now feeding the SWFs’ growth is excessive and driven by misguided exchange-rate policies, with vastly undervalued currencies resulting in current-account surpluses.
Indeed, emerging-market economies should reduce their
accumulation
of foreign assets rather than hope to weather the political backlash against SWF’s in the US and EU.
It may even lead, through an
accumulation
of isolated successes, to a reintegration of Iran into the world community.
Simply put, we can no longer depend on GDP growth, and the limitless wealth
accumulation
that it implies, to solve our social and economic problems.
Another similarity is the
accumulation
of debt within the corporate sector.
Moreover, the
accumulation
of debt in China – 71 percentage points of GDP over the last five years – has been far sharper than in Japan, where the debt level grew by only 16 percentage points over the five-year period before its bust.
To stop this
accumulation
of foreign-exchange reserves, and thus minimize China’s welfare and capital losses, the simplest solution would be for the PBOC to call a halt to intervention.
Nobel Prize winners such as Edward Prescott have no business talking about the benefits of tax cuts without pointing out that a tax cut accompanied by spending increases is not a tax cut at all, but rather a tax shift onto the future - and a tax shift that raises risk and discourages
accumulation.
China is also losing long-term growth momentum, as falling fertility rates and returns on investment weaken labor-force expansion and capital
accumulation.
In order to break the destabilizing cycle of short-term capital flows and excessive
accumulation
of foreign reserves, the International Monetary Fund, with broad support from the G-20, must devise new rules regarding monetary-policy spillovers.
Foreign-exchange reserve
accumulation
depresses the exchange rate, ostensibly as a smoothing device.
Furthermore, the
accumulation
of self-insurance can beget competition similar to an arms race.
Only with a well-defined mechanism for managing spillovers can the vicious cycle of capital-flow volatility and excessive self-insurance
accumulation
finally be broken.
Finally, investors are adding nearly a trillion dollars worth of net dollar securities to their positions every year, thus increasing the risk of continued dollar
accumulation.
They also offset the expansionary effects of the
accumulation
of reserves by, among other things, increasing their commercial banks’ reserve requirements.
As a result, money growth outpaced reserve
accumulation
during the 2008-2014 period.
This has accompanied a wider critique of “growthmanship” – the pursuit of economic growth or the
accumulation
of wealth at all costs, regardless of the damage it may do to the earth’s environment or to shared values.
The
accumulation
of wealth, which should be a means to the “good life,” becomes an end in itself because it destroys many of the things that make life worth living.
Beyond a certain point – which most of the world is still far from having reached – the
accumulation
of wealth offers only substitute pleasures for the real losses to human relations that it exacts.
Similarly, Americans will most likely look back on China’s
accumulation
of US government debt and simply shrug.
Standard growth theory predicts “convergence” of per capita GDP: a fast-growing country will eventually encounter difficulty maintaining high rates of labor mobilization, capital accumulation, and technological progress.
Countries that rely on steady, economy-wide
accumulation
of skills and improved governance may not grow as fast, but they may be more stable, less prone to crises, and more likely to converge with advanced countries eventually.
These past crises gave rise to a form of “self-insurance” among developing countries through reserve
accumulation.
And, in their heyday, mercantilists certainly did defend some very odd notions, chief among which was the view that national policy ought to be guided by the
accumulation
of precious metals – gold and silver.
America blames China for its trade deficits and the pressures they inflict on workers, citing a massive
accumulation
of foreign-exchange reserves as evidence of an unconscionable currency manipulation.
But they make CFMs seem like an intervention of last resort, to be used only after everything else has been tried: exchange-rate adjustments, reserve accumulation, and restrictive macroeconomic policies.
In fact, CFMs should play an integral part in avoiding excessive exchange-rate appreciation and reserve
accumulation
in the first place.
After all, it was price inflation in the crisis countries, fueled by massive inflows of cheap credit following the introduction of the euro, that resulted in their loss of competitiveness, ballooning current-account deficits, and
accumulation
of enormous foreign debt.
Previous recessions were often characterized by excess inventory
accumulation
and overinvestment in business equipment.
Modern production is not just an
accumulation
of buildings and equipment owned by Das Kapital and operated mechanically by fungible workers.
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