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Surplus in sentence

1438 examples of Surplus in a sentence

They have shown that the major capital inflows were not from emerging markets, but from Europe, where there was no net balance-of-payments surplus.
With imports still growing strongly and commodity prices beginning to fall as a result of the world slowdown, Argentina’s large trade surplus is disappearing quickly.
A “primary” budget deficit (or surplus) is the difference between a government’s outlays for everything excluding the interest payments that it must pay on its debt and its receipts from taxes and other charges.
On a cyclically adjusted basis, Greece’s overall budget would show a surplus of 0.6% of GDP this year.
More generally, the national debt of any country grows by the size of its budget deficit or declines by the size of its budget surplus.
In the case of Greece, the saving of businesses and households exceeds the level of investment in businesses and housing by just enough to outweigh the dissaving by the government, resulting in a very small current-account surplus.
Looking ahead, the IMF predicts that Greece will have a gradually rising primary surplus and a gradually declining overall deficit over the next several years.
That structural shift, in combination with the renminbi’s strengthening effective real exchange rate relative to the dollar, owing to inflation and rapidly rising wages in export sectors, offers hope that China’s surplus will fall.
To be sure, China has accumulated an enormous balance-of-payments surplus, which indicates that the renminbi is greatly undervalued.
But the surplus merely masks the structural problems of China’s domestic economic sectors and poorer regions.
Indeed, if foreign-owned enterprises exports are deducted from the total trade volume, the surplus vanishes, because both the overall balance of merchandise trade and the balance of trade in services normally run deficits.
With its huge domestic economy, China would never have been able to accumulate such an enormous external surplus if its growth had not been confined to such enterprises.
Lower interest rates can thus lead to lower consumption in surplus countries, thereby increasing the supply of loanable funds.
The deficits are as much the fault of the surplus countries as they are of the deficit countries.
It has not been persistently intervening in foreign-exchange markets (at least not to push down its currency), and it is not running an overall current-account surplus greater than or equal to 3% of GDP (its surplus in 2017 was 1.3%).
China does meet the third criterion: a bilateral trade surplus with the US in excess of $20 billion.
Countries like Spain, Greece, and Ireland developed real-estate bubbles, grew faster, and developed trade deficits with the rest of the eurozone, while Germany – weighed down by the costs of reunification – reined in its labor costs, became more competitive and developed a chronic trade surplus.
He has an asset-account surplus, and he is essentially selling or exporting claims on his future resources.
In the case of an entire country, the trade deficit and the corresponding capital-account surplus is simply a consequence of the decisions made by the country’s residents.
The Keynesian view assumes that one should want to maximize total demand by maintaining a trade surplus.
And a substantial share of China’s output goes abroad, with exports exceeding imports by enough to create a current-account surplus of more than $350 billion over the past year.
China now has the world’s highest saving rate, probably close to 50% of its GDP, which is important both at home and globally, because it drives the country’s current-account surplus.
A country that saves more than it invests in equipment and structures (as China does) has the extra output to send abroad as a current-account surplus, while a country that invests more than it saves (as the United States does) must fill the gap by importing more from the rest of the world than it exports.
And a country with a current-account surplus has the funds to lend and invest in the rest of the world, while a country with a current-account deficit must finance its external gap by borrowing from the rest of the world.
The future reduction in China’s saving will therefore mean a reduction in China’s current-account surplus – and thus in its ability to lend to the US and other countries.
But a five-percentage-point fall would completely eliminate China’s current-account surplus.
With no current-account surplus, China would no longer be a net purchaser of US government bonds and other foreign securities.
The perversity of the first alternative is obvious: there is no surplus food production in the world.
Reflecting these reforms, the International Monetary Fund recently projected that Italy will have a cyclically adjusted budget surplus of nearly 1% of GDP in 2013.
But economic recovery will come to Italy, moving the budget into surplus.
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