Stock
in sentence
2378 examples of Stock in a sentence
In 1980,
stock
market capitalization relative to GDP was five times greater in the US and UK than in Continental Europe; by 2000, it was only 60% higher.
For legal scholars, most prominently Columbia University’s John Coffee,
stock
exchanges have historically been the first step toward protecting investors.
An analysis by Ronald Gilson, Henry Hansmann, and Mariana Pargendler of Brazil’s Novo Mercado – the
stock
exchange’s special voluntary listing segment, which provides strong protections for investors in newly listed companies – supports this view.
But
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exchanges have limits, particularly in Brazil.
After all, its institutional innovations apply only to the new Novo Mercado-listed companies, and not to the bulk of the Brazilian economy’s big firms, which are listed on the
stock
exchange’s main segment, and thus remain stuck with the old rules, old institutions, and an ineffective court system.
If the severe decline in Europe's
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markets is a guide, the current downturn will be as deep on the Continent as in the US.
China’s Political InterventionsTOKYO – In the last week or so,
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markets around the world have been hit by an upsurge in volatility, with large price swings confronting traders in New York, Tokyo, London, and beyond.
By contrast, an increase in the price of an asset like a
stock
raises expectations of a further increase, causing demand to rise, potentially to excessively high levels.
So-called price-keeping operations by China’s monetary authorities (an approach tried in Japan in the early 1990s) are presumably the reason why the domestic
stock
market rose sharply over the last year, far beyond the levels warranted by the country’s economic fundamentals.
The move seemed to have halted the further deterioration of the Shanghai
stock
market.
The long-term systemic impact of China’s interventionist approach may be even more serious than the
stock
market’s current decline.
As a result, dealing with
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imbalances – the large debts of households, financial institutions, and governments – by papering over solvency problems with financing and liquidity may eventually give way to painful and possibly disorderly restructurings.
The second complication stems from the structural imbalance between the banking sector (or the debt market) and the
stock
market.
In 2008-2013, total equity financing from domestic
stock
markets accounted for only 3% of total social financing, most of which was allocated to SOEs and large corporations.
In fact, fears that new
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issues would depress equity prices were so strong that policymakers closed the market for initial public offerings for more than a year, beginning in 2012.
It not only boosts aggregate demand directly; it also expands potential output by increasing the
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of productivity-boosting capital.
As investors reduce their exposure to the eurozone periphery’s sovereigns, banks, and corporations, both flow and
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imbalances will need to be financed.
Not only are fixed salaries revealed, but so are bonuses, fees for serving on boards of directors, returns on
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options, pension packages, and other perks, such as corporate jets or chauffeur-driven cars.
In June, Antoine Zacharias, chairman and CEO of Vincy, France’s biggest public concessions and construction company, was obliged to resign when a majority of the board of directors judged his remuneration to be outrageous: €4.3 million in salary, a €13 million retirement bonus, a €2.2 million pension, and an estimated €173 million in
stock
options.
Should laws governing
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options be reformed?
But, for some managers,
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options have created an incentive to inflate profits and hide losses, thereby enriching themselves artificially while jeopardizing their companies and other shareholders.
A bill proposed by former Prime Minister Edouard Balladur seeks to eliminate perverse incentives by barring corporate officers from exercising their
stock
options until they leave the company.
Jacques Chirac, more cautiously, stated that
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options should be legally “encadrés” (framed).
Others suggest broadening the scope of
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options to include more employees.
Some Socialists are more radical, advocating, as Laurent Fabius recently did, the suppression of
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options.
Another initiative worth watching is the Hong Kong
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exchange’s exploratory project to offer a trading platform for emissions derivatives, which will most likely include conventional pollutants as well as carbon.
Meanwhile, the capital
stock
can maintain a reasonable growth rate.
Moreover, the
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market’s seven-year bullish streak may end.
The question is whether
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valuations are excessive relative to future earnings potential.
The
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market’s recent performance often is attributed to the unconventional monetary policies that many central banks have been pursuing.
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