Shortfall
in sentence
271 examples of Shortfall in a sentence
By 2050, the economic
shortfall
will reach 3%.
The first key factor is deleveraging and the resulting
shortfall
in aggregate demand.
Summers’s Keynesian argument is that the problem is a chronic aggregate-demand shortfall: Desired investment lags behind desired savings, even at near-zero nominal interest rates, resulting in a chronic liquidity trap.
An increasing concentration of income at the top, combined with top earners’ high propensity to save, then leads to the chronic
shortfall
of aggregate demand that characterizes secular stagnation.
The desire to avoid substantial tax increases (and to sustain consumption levels) will almost surely be reflected in a continuing
shortfall
of public-sector investment, in turn undermining long-term growth.
But it would be more accurate to say that there is global investment shortfall, with investment trending downwards despite the upward trend in global growth.
This investment
shortfall
is due to many factors, but perhaps the main one is that there are substantial medium-term institutional roadblocks to investment in many developing countries, where long-term returns now seem to be by far the highest.
Many observers believe that the US is doing the rest of the world a huge favor by running chronic current-account deficits – namely, supporting the large surplus countries, which tend to suffer from a
shortfall
of domestic demand.
Austerity – the policy of saving your way out of a demand
shortfall
– simply does not work.
In order to prevent a funding shortfall, the People’s Bank of China has recently produced a report with the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) setting out a comprehensive set of recommendations for establishing China’s “green financial system.”
The problem arises because America’s chronic saving
shortfall
has now moved into the danger zone, making it much more difficult to fund multi-year deficits today than was the case when cutting taxes in the past.
Nor have we dealt with the likely
shortfall
of pension income and assets in an aging America.
The shortfall, in turn, implies rising unemployment.
In the US, for example, the
shortfall
of physicians could grow to nearly 95,000 by 2025, equivalent to 43% of all doctors working today.
We are facing a
shortfall
of $100 million for the new school year.
There should be tax incentives for firms to hire the long-term unemployed; more public spending on infrastructure, education, and research to compensate for the
shortfall
in private capital spending; and still higher capital requirements for banks and strengthened regulation of nonbank financial institutions to prevent them from excessive risk-taking.
While this
shortfall
has narrowed from a peak of 5.8% of GDP in 2006 to 2.4% in 2014, it still leaves the US heavily dependent on surplus foreign savings in order to grow.
If you relieved the excess demand for financial assets, you also cured the excess supply of goods and services (the
shortfall
of aggregate demand) and the excess supply of labor (mass unemployment).
Private investment is falling short mainly because of the
shortfall
of complementary public investment.
The task for economic policy was to compensate for the resulting
shortfall
in private demand until households eventually recovered.
It also became dependent on China’s savings surplus to finance its own savings
shortfall
(the world’s largest), and took advantage of China’s voracious demand for US Treasury securities to help fund massive budget deficits and subsidize low domestic interest rates.
Today, amid a total housing
shortfall
of two million units, half of the state’s residents cannot afford to buy homes in their local market.
Although this reflects a decline from the 2011 peak of 57%, the long-term trend is upward: the average
shortfall
was 41% in 2005-2010, compared to 37% in 2000-2005.
The added inflexibility (or inelasticity) amplifies the price response to a real or perceived crop
shortfall
either in the US or elsewhere.
The bottom line is that the current version of US biofuels policy, with its fixed requirement for blending, leads to a greater price response in the event of a crop
shortfall
– in the short run.
Instead they give 0.25% - a
shortfall
that amounts to $120 billion per year.
The United States causes half the total
shortfall.
To overcome its balance-sheet recession, the eurozone needs to clean up its banks, reduce the crushing overhang of mostly private debt, redress the huge
shortfall
in investment, eliminate barriers to enterprise, and tackle the deflationary drag of German mercantilism.
Tracing outsize current-account and trade deficits to an extraordinary
shortfall
of US domestic saving – just 1.3% of national income in the fourth quarter of 2017 – counts for little in the arena of popular opinion.
Indeed, with budget deficits likely to widen, America’s saving
shortfall
will only deepen in the years ahead.
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