Purchases
in sentence
793 examples of Purchases in a sentence
But the decision not to prohibit indirect purchases, opponents argue, may have been intended to allow the ECB to carry out weekly repo operations, following a practice used by the Banque de France to reduce fluctuations in short-term interest rates.
Moreover, not forbidding indirect
purchases
should be seen primarily as a means of permitting banks that buy government bonds to pledge them as collateral for refinancing operations, while bearing the full investment risk.
The distinction between bond
purchases
from the government and from the banks that bought them from the government is a phony one that gives rise to myriad possibilities for circumvention.
If government-bond
purchases
are monetary operations, as the ECB claims, the ESM is overreaching; if they are fiscal operations, it is the ECB that has crossed the line.
In the early 1930’s, monetary-policy incoherence paralyzed US policy, with the Federal Reserve Bank of New York locked in insurmountable conflict with the Chicago Fed over monetary easing (at that time through open-market securities purchases).
But the fact is that there has been little change in interest rates or risk spreads since the bond
purchases
started.
With households desperately trying to rebuild their balance sheets, and with capital investment remarkably healthy, the only places to boost spending to restore capacity utilization and unemployment to normal levels are exports, government purchases, and construction investment.
Last year, the Fed’s mere announcement that it would gradually wind down its monthly
purchases
of long-term financial assets triggered a “taper” tantrum in global financial markets and emerging markets.
Indeed, as GDP growth in China and India has slowed, so have these countries’
purchases
of Brazilian primary goods.
Fewer foreign
purchases
of US assets again imply a weaker dollar.
To restore confidence and buy time for governments to reduce borrowing, ECB President Mario Draghi pledged to do “whatever it takes” to preserve the eurozone – and that meant potentially unlimited
purchases
of distressed eurozone members’ government bonds.
This test will be all the more severe if, as the ECB has conceded to the German Constitutional Court, the bond
purchases
would actually be limited.
Indeed, what could be wrong when the United States Federal Reserve’s asset
purchases
may have actually made money (which is then turned over to the US Treasury)?
According to one analysis, with only modest ad
purchases
on Facebook, Russian agents gained access to a goldmine of online advertising data – such as Facebook’s customer targeting software – which enabled the “sharing” of Russia’s fake news hundreds of millions of times.
At a time when US nuclear-reactor
purchases
– made possible by the historic deal negotiated by the Bush administration – have been held up by US insistence on exemptions from supplier liability in the event of an accident, some regard India’s spurning of US aircraft as a gratuitous rejection of an opportunity to demonstrate that friendship with India helps America, too.
Thus, while there may be some reduction of the Federal Reserve’s
purchases
of long-term assets (so-called quantitative easing, or QE), a move away from rock-bottom interest rates is not expected until 2015 at the earliest.
Suppose that the United States or the Western European core economies boost their government
purchases
for next year by $100 billion.
Normally, the multipliers applied to expansions in government
purchases
are much less than 1.5, because the central bank does not maintain constant monetary conditions as government spending expands, but rather acts to keep the economy on track to meet the monetary authority’s inflation target.
Normally, the math of increasing government
purchases
tells us that a small or dubious boost to output today brings a heavier financing burden in the future, which makes debt-financed fiscal expansion a bad idea.
The resulting price hikes impede the adoption and use of ICT, lowering tax revenues from
purchases
of goods and services.
Smart government policies, such as subsidies or tax breaks for ICT purchases, boost adoption by helping users who would not otherwise be able to afford them.
To speed things up, after the default was declared in December 2008, Ecuador completed the buyback with an inverse auction for the remaining bondholders, to be settled in cash – rather than a regular exchange in which the legality of undercover
purchases
was likely to be questioned.
Small
purchases
at current panic prices, vulture-fund style, are always possible, but they do not promise substantial debt relief.
Large
purchases
would drive up prices in the secondary market, defeating the point of the whole operation.
By contrast, if the threshold is set low enough to bring spreads down from panic levels,
purchases
will be more substantive, but at the expense of reducing considerably the effective haircut on private holders.
Similarly, resolving the crises that will inevitably emerge from the current rigid exchange-rate system will ultimately require Germany to agree either to debt write-offs or to large-scale government-bond
purchases
by the European Central Bank, which would flood the eurozone with liquidity.
But whether China were to reduce its
purchases
from elsewhere or simply sell the US oil or gas on to other places, there would be little if any effect on the US or global economy.
German households, on the other hand, according to a recent poll published in the influential daily, Die Welt , are in a more sober mood: most plan on cutting down their vacation travel -- which, obviously, does not mean that they will work more; they will just spend some of the many weeks of their paid leisure at home -- and postponing large item
purchases.
But in the core of the eurozone – countries like Germany and the Netherlands – credit has been plentiful, and interest rates have been close to zero for some time, so there was never much chance that bond
purchases
would have a significant impact there.
In deciding its next move – whether to initiate more bond purchases, lower interest rates even further, or do both – the ECB must recognize that any positive impact on demand probably will be limited to the eurozone’s weaker economies – that is, the economies that can least afford it.
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