Productivity
in sentence
2837 examples of Productivity in a sentence
And
productivity
in the service sector – which is the least exposed to global competition – has been stagnant since the 1990s.
For example, as a result of centralized wage bargaining, average private-sector compensation is just 6% lower in Italy’s South than in the North, even though the North’s
productivity
lead over the South is far greater.
Unfortunately, past spending pushed up wages, without a commensurate increase in productivity, leaving the heavy spenders indebted and uncompetitive.
This includes policies aimed at restructuring the economy, improving productivity, and increasing labor-force participation, especially by women.
Government efforts to increase
productivity
in the service sector probably will be particularly important.
On the other hand,
productivity
growth remains weak, income inequality is increasing, and less educated workers are struggling to find attractive employment opportunities.
Still, in time, the primary determinant of GDP growth – and the inclusivity of growth patterns – will be gains in
productivity.
Yet, as things stand, there is ample reason to doubt that
productivity
will pick up on its own.
There are several important items missing from the policy mix that cast a shadow over the realization of both full-scale
productivity
growth and a shift to more inclusive growth patterns.
In other words, the package ignores the very ingredients needed to lay the groundwork for balanced and sustainable future growth patterns, characterized by high economic and social
productivity
trajectories supported by both the supply side and the demand side (including investment).
Ray Dalio describes a path featuring investment in human capital, infrastructure, and the scientific base of the economy as path A. The alternative is path B, characterized by a lack of investment in areas that will directly boost productivity, such as infrastructure and education.
And, despite the spike in unemployment,
productivity
growth in the eurozone is decidedly negative.
New research shows that vaccines improve cognitive development in children, raise labor productivity, and contribute to a country’s overall economic growth.
If Trump chooses shovel-ready projects, the long-term impact on
productivity
will be minimal; if he chooses real infrastructure, the short-term impact on economic growth will be minimal.
But the bad news is that the transition now being asked of China – to shift toward services without experiencing a significant decline in economy-wide
productivity
growth – is unprecedented in Asia.
The problem is more than just the tendency of
productivity
to grow more slowly in services than manufacturing.
Service-sector
productivity
growth in formerly manufacturing-heavy Asian economies has been dismal by international standards.
In both Korea and Japan, to cite two key examples, the problem is not simply that
productivity
in services has grown barely a quarter as fast as it has in manufacturing for a decade.
It is that service-sector
productivity
growth has run at barely half the rate of the United States.
Where value added in Chinese manufacturing has been growing by 8% a year, service-sector
productivity
is unlikely to exceed 1% if China is unlucky or unwise enough to follow the example of Korea and Japan.
Employing workers in sectors where their
productivity
is stagnant would not be a recipe for social stability.
The prevailing view in Germany is that post-recession growth can more likely be attributed to structural reforms that increase
productivity
and bolster competitiveness.
It is also well known that European
productivity
is falling behind, too, probably due to the same factors that make Europe seem dull, cautious, and lacking in ambition when compared with many of its competitors.
For the euro to help lift European growth and
productivity
in any significant way, governments must allow – indeed, encourage – stronger competitive forces across the EMU area.
During Japan’s economic boom, its total factor
productivity
(TFP, or the efficiency with which inputs are used) contributed about 40% to GDP growth.
Given that improving overall
productivity
is the best way to defend against cost shocks, the new round of structural reform should be aimed at creating conditions for economic transformation and upgrading.
With China’s
productivity
still well below that of developed countries, and allocational efficiency likely to improve in the next ten years as labor and capital are redistributed across the country, 3% TFP growth is feasible.
As a result, farm sizes would drop (as land was divided among ever more children), labor
productivity
would fall, and the poor would become even poorer.
Federal infrastructure spending and corporate-tax reform should top the list of policies capable of attracting bipartisan agreement, because they promise significant long-term productivity, income, and employment gains, while also supporting short-term growth.
Notwithstanding the unfinished business of consumer-led rebalancing, China now appears to be embracing yet another shift in its core economic strategy – driven by a broad array of “supply-side initiatives” that range from capacity reduction and deleveraging to innovation and
productivity.
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