Preceding
in sentence
253 examples of Preceding in a sentence
As of 2005, just before the onset of the financial crisis, the Harvard econometricians James Stock (now a member of President Barack Obama’s Council of Economic Advisers) and Mark Watson concluded that the advanced economies had become both less volatile and less correlated with each other over the course of the
preceding
40 years.
Even without the sequester, real per capita government spending (including both purchases and transfer payments) has declined under President Barack Obama, while it increased under every
preceding
president since Richard Nixon.
In the years
preceding
Merkel’s first election as chancellor in 2005, Germany had been governed by a coalition comprising the SPD and the Greens (in which I served as vice chancellor and foreign minister).
If, as Mark Twain reputedly said, history often rhymes, our era increasingly recalls the period
preceding
1914.
Among the drivers of growth, domestic capital formation retained much of its momentum from
preceding
years.
Western democracies have prided themselves on institutional checks and balances, but obviously these mechanisms did not work during the crisis or the
preceding
boom.
After all, lower combinations of fixed income, foreign exchange, and equity volatility have been seen three times before: just prior to the onset of the global financial crisis, in the month
preceding
the taper tantrum, and in the summer of 2014.
Another piece of ostensibly good news is that average stock-price volatility – measured by finding the standard deviation of monthly percentage changes in real stock prices for the
preceding
year – is an extremely low 1.2%.
In fact, stock-price volatility was lower than average in the year leading up to the peak month
preceding
the 13 previous US bear markets, though today’s level is lower than the 3.1% average for those periods.
In fact, the number of those who gained access to water was higher in the decade
preceding
adoption of the MDGs.
Poor peasants use their own seeds from the
preceding
season, lack fertilizer, depend on rain rather than irrigation, and have little if any mechanization beyond a traditional hoe.
The International Monetary Fund, for example, had actually pursued sharp downsizing in the
preceding
years.
Such reform could do a great deal to improve incentives and prevent the type of excessive risk-taking that firms encouraged in the years
preceding
the financial crisis – thereby enhancing the value of companies and the wealth of shareholders.
As poorly as the Fed performed in the years
preceding
the Lehman Brothers’ collapse, it performed splendidly well afterward, by flooding the markets with liquidity to break the panic.
Not only did China resist measures that had been under negotiation for the
preceding
year, but Prime Minister Wen Jiabao’s decision to send a low-level official to meet with and point a finger at Obama was downright insulting.
There are even indications of some Syrian intelligence-sharing with the Americans regarding Iraqi military readiness in the weeks
preceding
the attacks.
The debate
preceding
a collective decision about abortion is about values – there is no shared goal, and scientific information is all but irrelevant.
At the margin, the recent improvement has been concentrated in the advanced economies, where GDP growth is now expected to average 2% over 2017-2018 – a meaningful pick-up from the unprecedentedly anemic 1.1% average growth of the
preceding
nine years.
Although the average growth rate expected for these economies over 2017-2018, at 4.6%, is about half a percentage point lower than during the
preceding
nine years, they would still be expanding at more than twice the pace of the developed world.
And while its force – waxing and waning since the decades
preceding
World War I – is nowadays being tempered by geopolitics, and by the impulse to slow the pace of technological change, the digital transformation will propel globalization forward, albeit in a different form.
Such possibilities were a marginal consideration in the euphoria
preceding
the 2007-2009 crisis: those selling at inflated prices were making profits; and buyers “knew” they were doing the right thing – even when they weren’t.
And these directors should provide an annual report explaining their choices during the
preceding
year.
This success was, of course, not only a matter of economics: had Malaysia followed the policies recommended by the IMF, it would have torn apart the social fabric created over the
preceding
four decades.
The problem for the world economy is that everybody remembered Keynes’s lesson about the need for countercyclical policies only when the crisis erupted, after demanding to be left alone – with no symmetric policy intervention – during the
preceding
boom.
Since the first quarter of 2008, inflation-adjusted personal consumption expenditures in the US have grown by just 1.6% annually, on average – fully two percentage points below the 3.6% norm in the 12
preceding
years.
Average annual productivity growth in the country’s nonfarm business sector accelerated to 2.5% from 1991 to 2007, from the 1.5% trend in the
preceding
15 years.
This new economy was an undeniable success: more people left poverty in the twentieth century than in the
preceding
two millennia.
In response to a 31% plunge in the CSI 300 (a composite index of shares on the Shanghai and Shenzhen exchanges) from its June 12 peak, following a 145% surge in the
preceding
12 months, Chinese regulators have moved aggressively to contain the damage.
Moreover, the reserves built up over the
preceding
decade were, in many cases, used to offset some of the capital outflows.
Something similar occurred in the years
preceding
the outbreak of World War I.
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