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Monetary in sentence

5081 examples of Monetary in a sentence

So far during the financial crisis and ensuing recession, the US has been incapable of kick-starting credit growth, the major transmission mechanism by which monetary expansion feeds through to domestic economic activity.
The effectiveness of monetary expansion could be enhanced in advanced countries by reducing the leakages generated by the carry trade and other short-term capital outflows.
This type of correction would also allow emerging markets to pursue more restrictive monetary policies, which they now need, given their greater macroeconomic strength.
Indeed, the world will be characterized for several years by the asymmetry generated by advanced countries’ weakness and emerging economies’ strength, which calls for asymmetry in these two groups of countries’ monetary policies.
With growth anemic in most advanced economies, the rally in risky assets that began in the second half of 2012 has not been driven by improved fundamentals, but rather by fresh rounds of unconventional monetary policy.
Second, while the ECB’s actions have reduced tail risks in the eurozone – a Greek exit and/or loss of market access for Italy and Spain – the monetary union’s fundamental problems have not been resolved.
Third, China has had to rely on another round of monetary, fiscal, and credit stimulus to prop up an unbalanced and unsustainable growth model based on excessive exports and fixed investment, high saving, and low consumption.
And not only did they all agree on the desirability of better US-European coordinations, they also presented a long list of what could, and should, be done: lifting remaining trade impediments, perhaps even creating a "Transatlantic Free-Trade Area"; agreeing on rules to facilitate mutual investment; reducing the danger of major monetary crises through closer consulation; addressing jointly major ecological issues.
The penetration of foreign banks has also effectively deprived countries in Central and Eastern Europe of monetary policy tools, leaving them with little control over extremely rapid credit growth.
In crude monetary terms, the “benefits” of children far outweigh their climate “costs.”
At a recent conference in Moscow, however, IMF Deputy Managing Director Stanley Fisher continued to stress the importance of the 'Washington consensus' - ie, macroeconomic stabilisation based on liberalizing prices and trade, currency convertibility, tight budgetary and monetary policy and rapid privatisation B for the success of reform.
When a country with higher inflation and structural rigidities joins a monetary union, it initially finds itself awash with liquidity: exchange-rate risk disappears, real interest rates turn negative, and borrowing becomes an irresistible bargain.
The promise of never-ending and self-defeating austerity cannot provide solid foundations to the monetary union.
It all began with the death of the international monetary system established at Bretton Woods in 1944, which had forged a post-war political consensus based on a “mixed” economy, limits on inequality, and strong financial regulation.
Yet, as I explain in my new book The Only Game in Town: Central Banks, Instability, and Avoiding the Next Collapse, growing internal tensions and contradictions, together with over-reliance on monetary policy, are destabilizing that equilibrium.
Indeed, with financial bubbles growing, the nature of financial risk morphing, inequality worsening, and non-traditional – and in some cases extreme – political forces continuing to gain traction, the calming influence of unconventional monetary policies is being stretched to its limits.
Instead of a eurozone caged in by Germany’s narrow interests as a creditor, Europe needs a monetary union that works for all of its citizens.
Third, in response to slower growth and lower inflation (owing partly to lower commodity prices), the world’s major central banks pursued another round of unconventional monetary easing: lower policy rates, forward guidance, quantitative easing (QE), and credit easing.
But the Fed’s recent signals of an early exit from QE – together with stronger evidence of China’s slowdown and Chinese, Japanese, and European central bankers’ failure to provide the additional monetary easing that investors expected – dealt emerging markets an additional blow.
Another variable is how much easier monetary policies in other developed countries will become.
Two final factors include how soon the eurozone economy bottoms out (there have been some recent signs of stabilization, but the monetary union’s chronic problems remain unresolved), and whether Middle East tensions and the threat of nuclear proliferation in the region – and responses to that threat by the US and Israel – escalate or are successfully contained.
By joining the euro, Italy surrendered monetary sovereignty to an external, independent decision-maker, the European Central Bank.
It also undertook specific commitments with respect to the conduct of its fiscal policy, though these constraints are not as “hard” as those framing monetary policy.
Many economists subscribe to the view that central banks can generate output and employment gains through expansionary monetary policy only if they are able to produce surprise inflation in the short run.
But, because expectations adjust to central bank behavior, discretionary monetary policy is futile: it yields higher inflation but no output or employment increases.
Accordingly, it is far better to insulate monetary policy from political pressures by delegating it to technocratic, independent central banks that are charged with the singular objective of price stability.
For one thing, the ECB is an international institution, bearing responsibility for monetary policy for the eurozone as a whole rather than Italy alone.
The ECB is stealthily buying government bonds on the secondary market, but its new governor, Mario Draghi, insists that such intervention is temporary, limited, and intended solely to “restore the functioning of monetary transmission channels.”
The Fed was right to adopt new expansionary monetary measures in the face of a weak US recovery.
Of course, monetary expansion should be accompanied by a less contractionary fiscal stance in industrial countries.
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