Liability
in sentence
233 examples of Liability in a sentence
But, with a combination of factors – including natural selection, farmers’ pursuit of their commercial self-interest, and
liability
concerns – militating against such a possibility, the odds are very long, and the impact would almost certainly be very low.
This means that as long as European electorates insist on retaining sovereignty over fiscal and economic policymaking, shared
liability
will be a pipe dream.
Rather than provide a cure for these problems, shared
liability
would make them worse.
Proponents believe that more shared
liability
could pave the way for individual responsibility.
Once in place, a shared
liability
scheme would reduce the incentives to deliver on structural reforms.
The logic of sound banking tells us that current and future African governments should accept
liability
only for those portions of public debts that were incurred to finance bona fide domestic investment or public consumption.
But that decision, and bad policies by central banks and governments since then, has given over-indebted major banks the power to blackmail their rescuers – a power that they have used to create a financial system in which they are effectively exempt from
liability.
Another name for this approach is “transfer union,” which implies relentless economic austerity and declining living standards, because strong countries – first and foremost, Germany – are determined to limit their
liability
for bailing out deficit countries by making all transfers conditional on tough budget retrenchment.
But they rejected demands for formal acceptance of legal
liability.
Because debt is a
liability
for borrowers and an asset for creditors, these trends have divergent effects, increasing value for the asset holder, while increasing the
liability
of the debtor.
The recent summit in Brussels opened the way to a fiscal union, including both a stability pact and – critically important – a
liability
pact.
In the short term, the
liability
union is to be implemented by the European Central Bank, whose independence will once again be held up as sacred in Berlin, providing a European fig leaf for Germany’s domestic-policy priorities.
Furthermore, these bad assets pose a substantial contingent
liability
for some governments.
Economically, they must choose either joint
liability
and a transfer union or monetary re-nationalization.
In 2010, India’s parliament passed the Civil
Liability
for Nuclear Damage Bill, a precondition for activating that agreement.
But their debt is like a straightjacket, limiting their capacity to deliver economic growth in good times, and posing a
liability
in times of crisis.
One widespread practice involves two such firms, say, Micro (a small family firm facing a large advance tax payment) and Macro (a publicly traded limited
liability
company that needs to demonstrate higher turnover than it has).
Governments are cutting back public investment in the name of budget balance, and private investors cannot invest robustly and securely in alternative energy when publicly regulated power grids,
liability
rules, pricing formulas, and national energy policies are uncertain and heavily disputed.
Many in the military or the intelligence services now fear criminal
liability
for actions they took at the behest of those at the top of the chain of command.
Similarly, before the introduction of limited
liability
in the nineteenth century, a company’s shareholders or partners were each liable for all of the firm’s debts, which severely restricted businesses’ willingness to borrow to finance trade.
But current proposals, such as national redemption funds, or a Europe-wide version with joint liability, would increase the burden on EU taxpayers drastically.
Manufacture in the US, however, was blocked because of the threat of
liability.
Moreover, the member state’s
liability
to the ECB would enjoy super-seniority status and be insured by the European Stability Mechanism against the risk of a hard default.
Fortunately, there are precedents for dealing with
liability
when biology and technology fail.
Short-term pressures will always be present, but they can be overcome with the proper tools: improved pricing of environmental risks, climate-sensitive credit ratings, environmental lender liability, and efforts to mitigate the environmental risks to financial stability.
In all these cases, the
liability
holders – i.e., the depositors – have been promised liquidity, yet that promise cannot be kept if it is ever doubted.
Moreover, slowing economic growth, tighter prudential regulation, and increased
liability
have made banks much more risk-averse, driving them to demand a significantly higher risk premium from borrowers, who must now not only provide collateral, but also find third parties to guarantee the loans.
Joint and several
liability
for public bonds is imaginable only if countries offering their guarantee – and thus potential access to their taxpayers – can exercise veto power and prevent a partner country from issuing more debt.
The current official fiction, however, is that all the debt will eventually be resold to the private sector, becoming again a real public
liability
which must be repaid out of future fiscal surpluses.
To be sure, the extent of collective
liability
for torture and other indecencies invites debate.
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