Interventions
in sentence
786 examples of Interventions in a sentence
Saudi Arabia, in particular, is facing difficult domestic reforms, including efforts to diversify its economy, while mired in its own military
interventions
in Syria and Yemen.
Where platform-level changes fail, broader government interventions, such as general sanctions, could be employed.
If those actors are operating as part of organized networks,
interventions
may need to disrupt the entire network to be effective.
Meanwhile, China and most emerging markets are accelerating their currency
interventions
to prevent more appreciation.
These instruments – including measures aimed at capital-flow management, currency-market
interventions
(either sterilized or unsterilized), macro-prudential financial regulation, and the accumulation of reserves – provide some room for maneuver.
The British medical journal The Lancet has described a package of effective
interventions
to accomplish this.
In general, the best government
interventions
target failures precisely – using cap and trade to put a price on air pollution, for example, or relying on the individual mandate to curtail adverse selection in health insurance – while letting market forces do the rest more efficiently than bureaucrats can.
Interventions
in this market would likely entail a stronger signal that the ECB is committed to maintaining an accommodative monetary policy for an extended period of time.
The effectiveness of
interventions
in the sovereign-bond market – that is, their ability to lower the borrowing costs of households and firms further – will also rest on the state of the banking sector.
Although the approach to interest rate management by the two central banks has claimed the most attention, the different styles of each in their
interventions
in global currency markets bears watching because of their impact on growth.
However, only once, in September 2000, did the Fed join these
interventions.
Close analysis of the behavior of the Fed and Germany's Bundesbank between 1979-1995 reveals that central bank
interventions
tend to cluster over time.
This behavior could also be observed after the creation of the ECB, which has inherited the Bundesbank's habits about
interventions.
Furthermore, in the past, the Fed and the Bundesbank coordinated their
interventions
during certain periods.
This is because coordinated
interventions
signal to market participants that all intervening central banks share the judgment that exchange rates are misaligned.
Our research suggests that central banks pursue
interventions
with the greatest rigor when the exchange rate for their currency deviates strongly from longterm trends, in particular if the actual exchange rate and the purchasing power value of a currency become vastly different.
For example,
interventions
by the Bundesbank were more or less symmetrical, meaning that it intervened both when the dollar was very strong and when the dollar was very weak.
In contrast, Fed
interventions
were much more likely when the dollar was undervalued than when it was overvalued.
Despite the advent of the European Central Bank, this asymmetry continues: while the ECB repeatedly tried to break the dollar's appreciation in 2000-2001 through consecutive
interventions
in the foreign exchange market, the Fed intervened only once.
Officials shudder at the memory of ill-fated
interventions
designed to prop up failing companies (such as carmakers and steel producers) or invest in ultimately doomed new technologies (Concorde, DeLorean cars).
It did not take Margaret Thatcher long after her election in 1979 to downgrade the National Economic Development Office (known as Neddy), the body responsible for strategic state interventions, which was finally dismantled under Thatcher’s successor, John Major, in 1992.
Because women and girls in their childbearing years suffer disproportionately from the health and social effects of NTDs, it is critically important that they be included in any large-scale health-policy
interventions
that are proposed.
But a second, more cautious approach assumes that additional macroeconomic
interventions
are needed.
(For all these interventions, the numbers are likely to be somewhat smaller, because the Charity Impact Calculator is not designed for such large sums, and so does not take into account that costs will rise once the needs of those who are easiest to reach have been met.)
There are many possible
interventions
– such as providing folic acid to prevent birth defects, introducing new vaccines, or treating infections earlier – that we know could have an impact on child mortality.
But what has tended to get lost in these discussions are the malign synergies between a Third World suspicious that so-called humanitarian
interventions
are only colonialism redux and a unilateralist US administration wedded to the concept of pre-emptive war against enemies that it equates with states that violate human rights.
Because the Bush administration, as its officials repeatedly insist, placed the installation of democratic, human-rights-oriented regimes, by force if necessary, at the core of US foreign policy, those who see only aggressive imperialism in America’s
interventions
in Afghanistan and Iraq view human rights in a more skeptical light.
The second task for governments is to move away from market-distorting, environmentally damaging
interventions
in the agricultural sector.
Here, monetary authorities must be vigilant, and continue their “non-standard”
interventions
– managing both short-term and long-term interest rates.
Natural
interventions
beyond a city’s borders can also help to address water-management challenges.
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