Inflows
in sentence
636 examples of Inflows in a sentence
Mutual and other private-sector funds require minimum terms for investments, and such mandatory lock-up periods should be applied to capital
inflows
as well.
Brazil and other countries that complained about “hot money”
inflows
and “currency wars,” have now suddenly gotten what they wished for: a likely early end of the Fed’s QE.
Similarly, as Georgia has climbed to ninth in the rankings, its GDP has risen by more than 200% and foreign investment
inflows
have increased by nearly 300% since 2003.
But such capital
inflows
threaten exchange-rate overvaluation, rising current-account deficits, and asset-price bubbles, all of which have in the past led to crises in these economies.
France is “southern” in its current-account deficit, but “northern” in its borrowing costs (slightly above Germany’s), owing partly to
inflows
of capital fleeing the south, as well as to modest but positive economic growth.
Until states such as Saudi Arabia, Syria, and others vigorously dry up the
inflows
of people and money that sustain the insurgency, Iraq will never become stable, democratic, and prosperous.
They have so far been limited to countries that have been struggling to curb currency appreciation and contain disruptive capital
inflows
since 2008.
Managing capital
inflows
– which support further currency appreciation and inflation – required an increase in the financial operations tax and other administrative measures.
The list of Chile's achievements includes fast economic growth, the halving of poverty in less than a decade, and the management of speculative capital through market-based restrictions on short-term
inflows.
Growth returned, and confidence among foreign investors was such that large
inflows
of foreign direct investment, especially in the banking sector, arrived.
Its first decade in EMU was also characterized by rapid economic growth, fueled mainly by abundant and cheap capital
inflows.
Capital
inflows
– which will undoubtedly increase in the coming years – are driven largely by investors’ interest in diversification and high yield, rather than the country’s image as a refuge from troubled financial markets elsewhere, especially given that China’s financial markets are relatively underdeveloped and beset by considerable risks.
And massive
inflows
of migrants and refugees will continue, because populists have no plan to address the problem’s root causes.
So, while post-crisis Asia focused in the 2000’s on repairing the financial vulnerabilities that had wreaked such havoc – namely, by amassing huge foreign-exchange reserves, turning current-account deficits into surpluses, and reducing its outsize exposure to short-term capital
inflows
– it failed to rebalance its economy’s macro structure.
Overall, countries that had implemented at least one regulatory change that made the investment framework less welcoming in 2006-2007 accounted for some 40% of world FDI
inflows
during that period – an impressive figure that demonstrates that something very dubious is afoot.
But the Fund notes that, at almost 200% of GDP, Greece’s stock of debt deters investment and capital
inflows.
Emerging countries are inundated with capital
inflows
one day, and faced with abrupt and equally destabilizing outflows the next.
In Europe, the movement to stop
inflows
of migrants from Muslim countries is extremely popular.
If so, the outlook for Colombia is more favorable in 2010 and 2011, when growth should be close to 3%, thanks to
inflows
of foreign investment, improvements in security, and a better business environment.
Hydrocarbon-producing countries used their profits to buy their citizens’ loyalty and establish what were effectively welfare states; and non-oil producers enjoyed the benefits of aid, capital inflows, and remittances sent back by their nationals working in resource-rich countries.
Both countries are vulnerable to
inflows
of “hot” money from rich countries, but Mexico’s lower interest rates have better insulated it from the resulting threat of upward exchange-rate pressure.
Emerging-market countries are turning to an array of techniques to discourage capital
inflows
or sterilize their effect on the exchange rate.
With the exception of Greece, the peripheral countries will not need any capital
inflows
in the near future.
A few years ago, countries like Spain and Portugal were running large current-account deficits and needed capital
inflows
totaling roughly 10% of their GDP.
This requires improved security,
inflows
of aid and investment, and the curtailment of land expropriations that deny the promise of statehood.
A significant part was financed by non-debt-creating
inflows
of foreign direct investment, but external borrowing, particularly by the private sector, also grew very rapidly.
The occasion was Brazil’s decision to impose a 2% tax on short-term capital
inflows
to prevent a speculative bubble and further appreciation of its currency.
In particular, “hot” capital
inflows
make it difficult for financially open economies like Brazil to maintain a competitive currency, depriving them of what is in effect the most potent form of industrial policy imaginable.
To be sure, by sending mixed signals to financial markets, the Brazilians may have botched their attempt to cool down
inflows.
Surely, as the economists Arvind Subramanian and John Williamson have written, emerging markets deserve the IMF’s help in designing better prudential controls over capital
inflows
instead of having their wrists slapped.
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