Exogenous
in sentence
34 examples of Exogenous in a sentence
Well, traditional definition is "an organism to which
exogenous
components have been added for the purpose of adapting to new environments."
When humid air, high humidity and radiation are combined with these organic compounds, which I call
exogenous
vitamin C, generous vitamin C in the form of gas, the plants release antioxidants which react with pollutants.
It is rare to get an
exogenous
investment in girls' education.
Economics has long assumed that whatever informs our preferences is
exogenous
to the issue at hand: de gustibus non est disputandum, as George Stigler and Gary Becker argued.
Of course, technology is not an
exogenous
force over which humans have no control.
And we stand ready to provide additional support – including under a new financing mechanism for countries hit by
exogenous
shocks – to help those whom the global financial crisis has affected most severely.
But, if one uses geography to isolate
exogenous
determinants of trade, it becomes apparent that trade has been among the most powerful drivers of Asia’s economic success, and thus the convergence between the developed and developing worlds.
Given that food and energy prices respond to monetary developments, and thus are not exogenous, the concept of “core inflation” obviously becomes problematic, to say the least.
Mainstream neoclassical economics largely ignores this fact, instead suggesting that our “utility function,” or that which we aspire to maximize, is
exogenous.
All of this suggests that a substantial share of the decline in productivity growth may not be the result of some deep problem with resource allocation or some consequence of
exogenous
technological innovation cycles over which we have little control.
But this assumes that some
exogenous
force or tendency causes countries to become “stuck” at a particular income level – a view that one academic study after another has debunked.
Or, at best, theorists can wave their hands about an
exogenous
(read: unexplained) shock to expectations.
Currency unions, in other words, must worry about endogenous as much as
exogenous
shocks.
To the extent that demand factors drive an oil-price drop, one would not expect a major positive impact; the oil price is more of an automatic stabilizer than an
exogenous
force driving the global economy.
Because the birth of twins is arguably an
exogenous
occurrence (unrelated to factors like income and education that affect parents’ decision to have multiple children), comparing households with an only child to those with twins can reveal some of the effects that an additional child has on saving.
Thus, slow US output and employment growth in the last few years is a result of the financial crisis, not of
exogenous
structural change.
Lower transport costs and new labor-saving technologies fall under the rubric of
exogenous
structural change.
Empiricists: Convinced that observation is our only tool against economic ignorance, empiricists are certain that the only defensible theoretical propositions are those derived from discerning patterns whereby changes in
exogenous
variables constantly precede changes in endogenous variables, thus establishing empirically (for example, through Granger tests) the direction of causality.
Contrary to simplistic economic models, the pace of innovation and cost reduction is not an
exogenous
given; it is strongly determined by governments’ long-term objectives.
All that Samuelson showed was that any
exogenous
change could harm a trading economy; he did not argue that an appropriate response to that unfortunate situation was to abandon free trade.
Giving the latter group
exogenous
growth hormone is futile, because their immune systems react to the “foreign” protein by producing antibodies.
By limiting the study population to children in the other two groups, for whom
exogenous
growth hormone stimulates normal growth, researchers achieved a 100% relative treatment difference.
Economists working on the macro economy, its micro foundations,
exogenous
and endogenous growth theory, the formation of expectations and problems of information and discrimination all refer back to Phelps.
Since 1999, members of the European Monetary Union (EMU) have experienced a number of severe
exogenous
shocks: the rise in the price of a barrel of oil from around $10 to $150; the collapse of equity markets after the dot-com bubble imploded; the spreading risk of terrorism after the September 11, 2001, and two wars.
As the economists Charles P. Kindleberger and Hyman Minsky showed, financial crises and credit-supply contractions are not
exogenous
events hitting a stable economy.
Contrary to what is assumed in many economic-growth models, demography is not a purely
exogenous
variable.
Summers’s view is that pre-crisis indebtedness was not an
exogenous
anomaly; it was the consequence of insufficient global demand.
As it stands, some African countries – especially those with very limited monetary-policy space – need external support, particularly from the International Monetary Fund, to be able to respond to
exogenous
shocks.
COVID-19 is Not World War IICAMBRIDGE – Although the COVID-19 pandemic feels unprecedented, it is not the first time that
exogenous
forces have radically disrupted civilian life.
Notwithstanding the temporary effects of periodic
exogenous
disturbances – such as deleveraging, global slowdowns, or even trade wars – catching up to the frontier and joining others pushing to move beyond it is the ultimate reward of economic development.
Related words
Growth
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Shocks
Global
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Economic
Trade
Innovation
Financial
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Crisis
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Structural