Excess
in sentence
901 examples of Excess in a sentence
By enabling countries to eliminate
excess
capacity, reduce leverage, and balance tax policies – all while reducing geopolitical uncertainty – collective action to escape deflation and boost growth would mitigate financial institutions’ risk aversion, thereby improving the transmission mechanisms of unconventional monetary policies.
Thus, it became essential to launch a new wave of far-reaching reforms, including liberalization of interest rates, securities markets, and foreign-exchange controls, in order to fund the more productive private sector and reduce
excess
capacity in SOEs.
When the result is that
excess
output is dumped at cheap prices into world markets, Western countries are fully justified in taking countermeasures.
Such crises cause major negative demand shocks, as
excess
debt and falling asset prices damage balance sheets, which then require increased savings to heal – a combination that is lethal to growth.
The IMF and the US Treasury worried that any change would restart inflation, because there was little or no
excess
productive capacity.
They shunted aside micro-level data that showed that there was in fact
excess
capacity, just as they ignored a World Bank analysis showing that fresh IMF loans would not restore economic growth, but would only leave the country deeper in debt.
It turned out that there was enormous
excess
capacity, and import substitution soon began, even in the midst of financial turmoil.
The
excess
of saving over investment has given Japan a current-account surplus, allowing the country to finance all of the government borrowing domestically, with enough left over to invest in dollar-denominated bonds and other foreign securities.
They concluded that it is ethically permissible to prepare stem cell lines from frozen embryos, but only from those obtained in the course of in vitro fertilization procedures and deemed by donors and their physician to be in
excess
of clinical requirements.
This was certainly news to the finance ministers who had spent the past few years struggling with the toxic fallout from financial-sector
excess.
Meanwhile, SOEs – which can invest in
excess
capacity, record net losses (often through corruption and incompetence), and count on government subsidies – never face a reckoning.
Outside all was glitter, excess, posturing, and brand names.
There is an
excess
of savings north of the Alps, but northern European savers do not want to finance southern countries like Italy, Spain, and Greece.
The current-account deficit reflects the
excess
of expenditures over output.
But it is the
excess
of goods and services that matters.
In the meantime, the central banks of leading Asian surplus economies (particularly China and Japan) need to work with other major central banks (especially the European Central Bank and the Bank of England) to change how
excess
savings in high-growth regions are used.
But now, by imposing penalties on
excess
reserves left on deposit with central banks, negative interest rates drive stimulus through the supply side of the credit equation – in effect, urging banks to make new loans regardless of the demand for such funds.
When its equity and property bubbles burst in the early 1990s, the keiretsu system – “main banks” and their tightly connected nonbank corporates – imploded under the deadweight of
excess
leverage.
This reflects leverage far in
excess
of emerging-economy norms, with China’s debt-to-GDP ratio up from around 130% in 2008 to over 220% today.
Puerto Rico could even become an energy exporter, supplying
excess
capacity to nearby neighbors in the US and British Virgin Islands.
Bad accounting contributed to the recent stock market bubble; bad information led to stock prices that did not reflect underlying realities; and these in turn provided incentives for the
excess
investment in telecoms that caused today's
excess
capacity.
Likewise, Trump is introducing his steel tariffs after the price of steel has already increased by about 130% from its trough, owing partly to China’s own efforts to reduce its
excess
capacity.
As it stands, Social Security and Medicare are unsustainable, with the long-term gap between projected income and promised benefits reaching tens of trillions of dollars – well in
excess
of the official debt the federal government has accumulated over its history.
In the US, student debt, now in
excess
of $1.2 trillion (more than all credit-card debt), is becoming a burden for graduates and the economy.
When my parents visited the United States for the first time, I didn’t hear the end of their shock at the
excess
they saw – from the wastage of paper napkins and plastic cutlery at fast-food restaurants to the average household’s usage of cars and electricity.
So central banks are transferring their
excess
reserves to existing or newly created SWF’s, which in turn invest in high-return equities.
Likewise, the
excess
borrowing by companies in Spain, Portugal, and Ireland was largely offset by relatively sustainable borrowing in the eurozone’s three economic heavyweights – Germany, France, and Italy – where the need to deleverage is thus limited.
That was clearly the case with Richard Nixon, who never suffered from an
excess
of love for Jews, but was nonetheless one of the staunchest allies that Israel ever had in the White House.
Indeed, some Chinese authorities also maintain that renminbi appreciation would have no significant impact on China’s trade balance because they believe that China’s trade surplus is a reflection of
excess
saving and hence has nothing to do with the exchange rate.
In the euro’s first decade, the southern economies’ unit labor costs diverged from those in Germany and the north, with growth sustained either by
excess
public debt and the government component of domestic aggregate demand, or, in the case of Spain, by a leveraged housing bubble.
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