Currencies
in sentence
1239 examples of Currencies in a sentence
It envisaged fixed currencies, which would require limited overdraft facilities for countries in chronic deficit and would entail constant haggling between finance ministers about re-setting exchange and interest rates.
Dollar TurmoilCAMBRIDGE: Among most
currencies
the dollar is king, but held against the DM and the Yen it is the beggar.
In the last two years alone, the dollar declined 20 to 25 percent against these two key
currencies.
One way or other, instability of the key
currencies
aggravates the difficult task of macroeconomic management and trade development in emerging and transition economies.
Yet some of those who seem to have the greatest faith in market forces treat exchange rates as if they were governed by laws other than those of standard economics, so that a word or even a look from a finance minister could lead
currencies
to soar or plummet.
Perhaps we can now begin to think more seriously about creating an international economic system that acknowledges the devastating effects that market volatility among major
currencies
has on less developed countries, and that ensures greater stability.
The British economist Walter Bagehot replied at the time that there would probably be two competing world currencies, which he termed Latin and Teutonic.
The European Central Bank and the central banks of Switzerland, Sweden, Norway, and a few Central European countries are likely to embrace quantitative easing or use other unconventional policies to prevent their
currencies
from appreciating.
As fiscal austerity and asymmetric adjustment have taken their toll on economic performance, monetary policy has borne the burden of supporting faltering growth via weaker
currencies
and higher net exports.
Germany increasingly recognizes that if the adjustment needed to restore growth, competitiveness, and debt sustainability in the eurozone’s periphery comes through austerity and internal devaluation rather than debt restructuring and exit (leading to the reintroduction of sharply depreciated national currencies), the cost will most likely be trillions of euros.
That is only true to the extent that we think about the price of oil in dollars, since the dollar has fallen relative to other major
currencies.
The only effect of the dollar’s decline is to change the price in dollars relative to the price in euros and other
currencies.
Now, troubled countries do not have the option of reducing their debt burdens and increasing external competitiveness by devaluing their
currencies.
More recently, the monetary policies adopted by advanced economies, in particular the US, have contributed to the dramatic weakening of emerging-market
currencies.
Since the 1990’s, both China and India have received a huge boost from their undervalued
currencies.
But, given the likely interest-rate differential between the US and other advanced economies (particularly the eurozone and Japan), together with a more robust US economic recovery, an era of dollar strength – and, almost by definition, weak emerging-market
currencies
– is here to stay.
Optimists like to point out that emerging markets have accumulated a huge stock of international reserves since 2010, enabling them to self-insure against a run on their
currencies
or their foreign debt.
As for EMU, the date is set: on January 1, 1999 EU members that meet the conditions for EMU membership will transfer monetary authority to the new European Central Bank and within 3 years replace their national
currencies
with a new European currency the "Euro".
The same dynamics that inflated the dollar value of GDP growth in the good years for these countries will now work in the opposite direction: stable or lower export prices will reduce real growth and cause their
currencies
to stop appreciating or even weaken in real terms.
He suggests that, if anybody ought to leave the euro, it is the Mediterranean countries, which should devalue their
currencies.
At other times, governments need more proactive strategies – such as tax incentives, special investment zones, or hyper-competitive
currencies
– to raise the profitability of such investments.
And, with the euro down significantly relative to many other
currencies
over the past year, Europe’s trade balance can increase further in the months ahead.
And that will require a less competitive euro – higher relative to the dollar and other
currencies.
And investors with smaller dollar holdings, who can shift to other
currencies
much more easily than the Chinese, are right to ask themselves whether they should be diversifying into non-dollar assets – or even shunning the dollar completely.
Will the value of the dollar continue its long-term downward trend relative to other
currencies?
Let’s start with the most likely of the negative developments: a falling exchange rate relative to other
currencies.
Even after the dollar’s recent rally relative to the euro, the trade-weighted value of the dollar is now 15% lower against a broad basket of major
currencies
than it was a decade ago, and 30% lower than it was 25 years ago.
Meanwhile, China has asked the International Monetary Fund to include the renminbi in the basket of
currencies
comprising Special Drawing Rights, the Fund’s unit of account.
It did not obstruct the renminbi’s admission to the basket of
currencies
that constitute the International Monetary Fund’s reserve asset, Special Drawing Rights (SDRs).
Indeed, many eurozone central banks reportedly have reduced their holdings of euro reserves, seeking to diversify into non-traditional
currencies.
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