Convergence
in sentence
396 examples of Convergence in a sentence
This is not to say that a single economic policy should be imposed on everyone; but Europe does need a higher degree of coordination and
convergence
to ensure that everyone is at least heading in the same direction.
As with the single-market program of the 1980’s, the Commission could be in charge of overseeing a
convergence
of national economic policies, within certain parameters, throughout the EU.
The Shape of Sino-American ConflictCLAREMONT, CALIFORNIA – For most observers of the unfolding trade war between the United States and China, the casus belli is the
convergence
of China’s unfair trade practices with US President Donald Trump’s protectionist credo.
An obvious starting point for a Hamiltonian Europe would be to set some standard limit for federalized national debt – perhaps the tarnished threshold of 60% of GDP that was mandated (without adequate enforcement) by the Maastricht
convergence
criteria, or perhaps a lower limit.
Further breakthroughs, enabled by the
convergence
of science and technology, can be expected, especially as unconventional players enter the health-care sector.
These developments – first convergence, and now faster services growth – stand in sharp contrast with earlier trends.
Over time, this stimulated ever-greater economic
convergence.
After consulting thousands of its members, the Confederation of British Industry (CBI), the country’s biggest business organization, recently called for “ongoing convergence” with EU rules for goods, services, and digital standards.
Member countries were effectively divided into “good” and “bad,” with the latter forced to implement austerity programs that have made their economic recovery – and thus their
convergence
with the “good” countries – all but impossible.
But, however admirable this sentiment may be, there is no “scientific truth” about the “right” level of disparities and the correct speed of
convergence.
Nevertheless, it is useful to compare economic disparities in the EU with those in the United States to assess regional
convergence
in Europe – bearing in mind, of course, that the US has been a nation-state for more than two centuries, while the EU is best seen as a confederation of 27 states under a supra-national structure.
With the introduction of the euro, and with falling inflation, nominal
convergence
and real
convergence
have grown similar, both making gradual progress since the mid-1990’s.
The
convergence
trend in the EU at the country level is reflected in the regions.
As with the EU-15, income
convergence
for the regions again turns out to be slower than
convergence
between countries.
In the US, successful
convergence
in economic conditions across regions relies strongly on labor mobility.
Internal migration is the main driver of income convergence, helped by a common language and all the other factors that foster mobility in America, such as comparatively easy access to housing and education.
An accelerating
convergence
of the biological, physical, and engineering sciences promises a stunning array of new technological solutions.
These and other innovations are emerging from the
convergence
of biology and engineering that is now upon us.
The technologies on which many of us depend today arose from a parallel
convergence
of discoveries in physics and engineering in the early twentieth century.
At the same time, just as the twentieth century’s
convergence
of physics and engineering transformed our lives, the accelerating
convergence
of biology and engineering is driving unprecedented discoveries that promise to create another platform for innovation, the rise of new industries, and economic growth.
It is this
convergence
that will help deliver the technological solutions needed to supply enough clean energy, food, and water, as well as better health, to sustain the world’s nine billion people in 2050.
Thanks to a remarkable
convergence
of new scientific knowledge about the developing brain, the human genome, and the effects of early experiences on later learning, behavior, and health, these are not hypothetical questions.
Spotting this reversal, the Nobel laureate economist Michael Spence has argued that the world is poised for The Next
Convergence.
What could explain generalized divergence in one period and selective
convergence
in another?
Though economic theory predicts
convergence
in standards of living, Europe lags behind the US by 30% or more.
Globally, the slowdown in economic
convergence
has similar implications, as richer countries maintain their outsize influence around the world – leading to disaffection and radicalization among the poor.
According to the Pew Global Attitude survey, there is a significant degree of
convergence
between East-Central Europeans and West Europeans concerning the balance between the market and a state-guaranteed social safety net.
The asymmetry facilitated an eastward transfer of EU norms and institutional convergence, but no commensurate transfer of resources.
While there were undoubtedly problems with many aspects of such a one-size-fit-all package of policies – the Washington Consensus, as it was known – the trade liberalization component helped accelerate lower-middle-income and middle-income countries’ economic
convergence
with developed countries.
Four areas will be of vital importance:1. managing relations with Russia:2. defusing the transatlantic burden-sharing debate3. dealing with the effects of France’s policy toward NATO4. coping with the dilutive effects of expansionRelations between Russia and NATO appear to have benefitted from a
convergence
of skill and good fortune.
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