Appreciation
in sentence
789 examples of Appreciation in a sentence
As a result, over the last decade, the Chinese authorities’ implicit target for annual inflation and currency
appreciation
has been only about 3%.
This process will inevitably lead to higher structural inflation and currency
appreciation
in China.
Compounding this was a strong
appreciation
in the exchange rate.
These are hardly trivial amounts, and more renminbi
appreciation
can be expected in the years to come.
American officials call this “manipulation,” arguing that market forces would have resulted in a sharper renminbi
appreciation
than has occurred.
These guidelines identify when a country, despite running a large current-account surplus, is pursuing long-term, large-scale purchases of foreign assets, thereby blocking exchange-rate
appreciation
– exactly the problem we want to prevent.
Missing from this logic is an
appreciation
of the new and powerful global forces that are bearing down on inflation.
Nothing can kill growth more effectively than an uncompetitive currency, and there is no faster route to currency
appreciation
than a surge in capital inflows.
But there is little question that Asian real exchange rates are in for a major real
appreciation.
Part of the solution to Japan's problem is surely a 20 or 30 percent real
appreciation
of currencies such as the won.
Their reasoning is that currency
appreciation
would almost certainly slow China’s growth, and that anything does that must be bad news for other poor countries as well.
A rise in the index signifies real appreciation, meaning that the yen became more expensive relative to other currencies after correcting for relative price-level changes.
The yen appreciated substantially as part of that multi-country intervention, with the real
appreciation
reaching roughly 50% from 1984 to 1988.
During the 1990s and 2000s, I repeatedly asked senior Japanese finance ministry officials why they allowed the yen’s real
appreciation
to persist, thereby shutting down export growth.
It is only with the Bank of Japan’s quantitative easing since the launch of “Abenomics” in 2012 that the yen’s real
appreciation
has been reversed somewhat.
Predictably, some US industrial lobbies are again complaining that Japan is manipulating its currency, even though the yen’s real depreciation since 2012 has merely reversed the preceding growth-killing real
appreciation.
The US insistence on renminbi
appreciation
intensified after the onset of the 2008 financial crisis.
As in Japan, the
appreciation
sparked destabilizing capital flows into China on the assumption that the renminbi, like the yen before it, had nowhere to go but up.
As in Japan, a financial bubble accompanied the currency
appreciation.
Yet, as Figure 4 shows, the real
appreciation
led to a rapid collapse of China’s annual export growth, from above 15% (smoothed over three-year intervals) to elow 10%, and now to a financial slump as well.
From 2007 to 2014, the renminbi appreciated by 32% in real, trade-weighted terms; by May 2015 (the most recent month of the reported index), its total
appreciation
had reached 40%.
This partly reflected nominal
appreciation
against the US dollar, together with effective
appreciation
against the euro, yen, Korean won, and other currencies as the US dollar strengthened relative to them.
The renminbi’s real
appreciation
should be compared with the recent movements of the yen and won.
One of the problems that had made the crisis more difficult after 1982 was the US dollar’s
appreciation.
Much of the
appreciation
in the real exchange rate is offset by increased productivity.
When most households own no productive assets, they cannot share any of the asset
appreciation
or property income.
The post-Wall generation, whose members are less than 40 years old and thus far removed from WWII, has little
appreciation
for this cause.
It would be highly regrettable if the competitive sport’s narrow focus on point-scoring were to limit our
appreciation
of the beauty and harmony we can experience riding a wave without fitting as many turns as possible into our time on it.
In practice though, as investors make money on their trades, they bring in yet more money, forcing further currency
appreciation.
Chinese leaders love pointing to Japan as the prime reason not to allow any significant
appreciation
of their conspicuously undervalued currency.
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