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Adjustment in sentence

880 examples of Adjustment in a sentence

This would squarely shift most of the adjustment burden onto structural funds, a sure harbinger of bitter rows between old recipients and new entrants.
The fact that the twin deficits remain so large in most cases is an indication that even with substantial adjustment efforts in some countries, much of the shortfall in export and fiscal revenue was financed with new domestic and external debt.
The EU’s labor-mobility provisions were not put in place to facilitate migration per se; rather, they were aimed at bolstering the EU economy by supporting integration, expanding the labor market, and strengthening economic adjustment mechanisms.
Though checking whether a budget is below the SGP’s ceiling of 3% of GDP may be a straightforward matter, there can be reasonable disagreement about whether the business-cycle adjustment should be estimated at 0.5% or 0.8% of GDP, or whether a country is adhering to its medium-term expenditure objective.
And we know how to do that: accommodative monetary policy; fiscal adjustment in all advanced economies that includes concrete and realistic plans to reduce debt over the medium term, but does not undercut short-term growth; completing the banking-sector cleanup; and reforms to boost productivity and growth potential.
It requires a fiscal policy that focuses not only on efficiency, but also on equity – particularly on fairness in sharing the burden of adjustment, and on protecting the weak and vulnerable.
A strengthening of the IMF was agreed after the Asian crisis in the 1990’s, and the G-7 summit in Cologne in 1999 mandated the Fund to play a strong surveillance role to ensure greater transparency and encourage early adjustment by countries with unsustainable balance-of-payments positions.
The risk now is that the forces favoring earlier and effective adjustment of imbalances have been weakened.
The real danger is that adjustment would take place even later, with imbalances left to accumulate for a longer period of time.
Fixated on stability – a concept alien to US politicians and policymakers – the Chinese prefer, instead, to play a more active role in managing the adjustment of their currency.
At the same time, however, China’s leadership must continue to pursue its agenda of structural reform and adjustment, even if it may have an adverse impact on growth in the short run.
Instead, a great deal of flexibility, including within their labor markets, facilitated adjustment to asymmetric shocks.
Second, beyond strengthening economic institutions, EU countries must accelerate structural reforms to boost their long-run growth prospects and facilitate their smooth adjustment to shocks.
The key liberalizing reforms that would enhance the economy’s flexibility and pace of adjustment are simply not on the agenda (owing to an underlying lack of trust among voters).
A reformed global payments system, which mandates symmetrical adjustment of global imbalances, would need to tackle this issue.
When the report eventually came out, it acknowledged that “excess” volatility had “adverse consequences” for individual economies, as well as for the smooth functioning of the international adjustment process.
The most extraordinary contribution to this debate has come from the International Monetary Fund, whose April 2010 World Economic Outlook contains a chapter on how adjustment by surplus countries can be generally beneficial.
After all, the real lesson of the 1980’s is that exerting massive pressure for exchange-rate adjustment and looser monetary and fiscal policy won’t work – especially since China now, like Japan then, is already running substantial budget deficits.
But no one has so far argued that the cost of damage caused to the development prospects of poor countries and regions is less than the amount of compensation being offered to cover adjustment costs.
Furthermore, in China’s economy stimulus package, 210 billion yuan is allocated for energy conservation, pollutants reduction, and ecosystem protection projects, 370 billion yuan for economic structural adjustment and technology renovation, and 400 billion yuan for new energy-efficient housing that will use environmentally friendly materials.
Over time, as it became increasingly clear that the burden of fiscal adjustment fell on those with the weakest voice - usually the poor - the IMF recognized that a focus on short-run fiscal outcomes was inadequate.
The IMF was nudged into guaranteeing repayment through a structural adjustment program.
The details differ, but the idea is the same: creditors are shifting the entire burden of adjustment onto debtors, while the “center” avoids its own responsibility for the imbalances.
The European project is a complicated and ambitious endeavor, the viability of which depends on constant care and adjustment.
But this approach (a haircut on private-sector debt plus fiscal adjustment) is unlikely to work on its own.
That is why, despite the strong fiscal adjustment, Greece’s current-account deficit remains close to 10% of GDP.
This led to a very sharp adjustment in domestic consumption.
But this brutal adjustment quickly turned the current-account balance into a surplus, and the country’s creditworthiness was never questioned.
As long as this flow of cheap money continues, so will capital flight; no adjustment in consumption will take place so long as the country faces only a very soft budget constraint.
This is also the reason why the existing adjustment program would not be sufficient even if the Greek government were to implement everything as planned.
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